From hybrid genomes to heterotic trait output: Challenges and opportunities

第一作者：Wenwen Liu

第一单位：北京大学

第一通讯：Xing Wang Deng

 Abstarct 

Heterosis (or hybrid vigor) has been widely used in crop seed breeding to improve many key economic traits. Nevertheless, the genetic and molecular basis of this important phenomenon has long remained elusive, constraining its flexible and effective exploitation. Advanced genomic approaches are efficient in characterizing the mechanism of heterosis. Here, we review how the omics approaches, including genomic, transcriptomic, and population genetics methods such as genome-wide association studies, can reveal how hybrid genomes outperform parental genomes in plants. This information opens up opportunities for genomic exploration and manipulation of heterosis in crop breeding.

杂种优势已被广泛应用于作物育种，改善了很多作物中的关键经济性状。然而，这一重要现象的遗传和分子基础，长期以来一直不是很清楚，限制了我们对于杂种优势的进一步利用。先进的基因组学方法是研究杂种优势机制的有效方法。本文中，作者回顾了相关的组学方法，包括基因组学、转录组学和群体遗传学方法，比如全基因组关联研究，详细解析了这些方法是如何确定植物杂种的表现要优于其亲本双方的表现。本综述所提供的信息为如何在作物育种中进行基因组研究和杂种优势利用提供了参考。

** 邓兴旺 **

doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pbi.2022.102193

Journal: Current Opinion in Plant Biology

Published date: April, 2022

p.s. 相关研究：

PNAS：拟南芥杂种的生物学通路表达互补作用于杂种优势