背景回顾：Although great progress has been achieved regarding wheat genetic transformation technology in the past decade, genotype dependency, the most impactful factor in wheat genetic transformation, currently limits the capacity for wheat improvement by transgenic integration and genome-editing approaches. The application of regeneration-related genes during in vitro culture could potentially contribute to enhancement of plant transformation efficiency. 

主要发现：In the present study, we found that overexpression of the wheat gene TaWOX5 from the WUSCHEL family dramatically increases transformation efficiency with less genotype dependency than other methods. 

结果1-TaWOX5表达不影响芽分化和根发育：The expression of TaWOX5 in wheat calli prohibited neither shoot differentiation nor root development. 

结果2-TaWOX5转化植株易识别：Moreover, successfully transformed transgenic wheat plants can clearly be recognized based on a visible botanic phenotype, relatively wider flag leaves. 

结果3-TaWOX5促进转化：Application of TaWOX5 improved wheat immature embryo transformation and regeneration. 

结果4-普适性：The use of TaWOX5 in improvement of transformation efficiency also showed promising results in Triticum monococcum, triticale, rye, barley and maize.

 摘 要 

尽管近十年来，小麦的遗传转化技术已取得了巨大进展，但基因型依赖性仍是小麦遗传转化中的一个重要影响因子，直接限制了通过转基因整合和基因组编辑的方法进行小麦改良的能力。在离体培养过程中通过激活某些再生相关基因，可能会有助于提高植物的遗传转化效率。在本文中，作者发现与其他方法相比，通过过表达小麦WUSCHEL家族基因TaWOX5能够显著提高了小麦遗传转化效率，且对基因型的依赖性较低。而且，TaWOX5在小麦愈伤组织中的表达既不抑制芽的分化，也不抑制根系的发育。此外，成功转化的转基因小麦植株可以根据其明显的表型特征，即相对较宽的旗叶进行清晰识别。TaWOX5的应用显著促进了小麦幼胚的遗传转化和再生。在一粒小麦、黑小麦、黑麦、大麦和玉米中应用TaWOX5，同样能够提高这些物种的转化效率。