Cell wall integrity maintenance during plant development and interaction with the environment

First author: Lauri Vaahtera; Affiliations: Norwegian University of Science and Technology (挪威科技大学): Trondheim, Norway

Corresponding author: Thorsten Hamann

Cell walls are highly dynamic structures that provide mechanical support for plant cells during growth, development and adaptation to a changing environment. Thus, it is important for plants to monitor the state of their cell walls and ensure their functional integrity at all times. This monitoring involves perception of physical forces at the cell wall–plasma membrane interphase. These forces are altered during cell division and morphogenesis, as well as in response to various abiotic and biotic stresses. Mechanisms responsible for the perception of physical stimuli involved in these processes have been difficult to separate from other regulatory mechanisms perceiving chemical signals such as hormones, peptides or cell wall fragments. However, recently developed technologies in combination with more established genetic and biochemical approaches are beginning to open up this exciting field of study. Here, we will review our current knowledge of plant cell wall integrity signalling using selected recent findings and highlight how the cell wall–plasma membrane interphase can act as a venue for sensing changes in the physical forces affecting plant development and stress responses. More importantly, we discuss how these signals may be integrated with chemical signals derived from established signalling cascades to control specific adaptive responses during exposure to biotic and abiotic stresses.

细胞壁是一个高度动态的结构，为植物细胞在生长、发育以及适应环境变化时提供机械支撑。因此，对于植物来说，监测细胞壁的状态并保证其在所有条件下的功能完整性是十分重要的。这种监测过程包括了感知处于细胞壁与质膜两相间的物理作用力。这些物理作用力在细胞分裂和形态建成，以及响应于各种各样的生物和非生物胁迫过程中是不断变化的。区分感知这类物理刺激与感知化学信号的机制是十分困难的，比如激素、多肽以及细胞壁片段。然而，近来新出现的一些技术手段结合已经十分成熟的遗传、生化方法，研究人员们正在逐渐开拓这个令人兴奋的研究领域。本文中，作者回顾了目前我们对于植物细胞壁完整性信号转导的理解，并重点突出了细胞壁-质膜相间是一个负责感知影响植物发育和胁迫响应的物理作用力变化的部位。更加重要的是，作者进一步讨论了这些信号是如何与已熟知的化学信号级联整合到一起，共同调控植物在生物和非生物胁迫下的特定适应性响应。

通讯：Thorsten Hamann (https://www.ntnu.edu/employees/thorsten.hamann)

研究方向：研究植物细胞壁组成和结构的决定因素。

doi: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41477-019-0502-0

Journal: Nature Plants

Published online: September 09, 2019