Origin and evolution of sex‐determination systems in the brown algae

First author: Susana M. Coelho; Affiliations: Sorbonne Université (索邦大学): Roscoff, France

Corresponding author: Susana M. Coelho

Sexual reproduction is a nearly universal feature of eukaryotic organisms. Meiosis appears to have had a single ancient origin, but the mechanisms underlying male or female sex determination are diverse and have emerged repeatedly and independently in the different eukaryotic groups. The brown algae are a group of multicellular photosynthetic eukaryotes that have a distinct evolutionary history compared with animals and plants, as they have been evolving independently for over 1 billion yr. Here, we review recent work using the brown alga Ectocarpus as a model organism to study haploid sex chromosomes, and highlight how the diversity of reproductive and life cycle features of the brown algae offer unique opportunities to characterize the evolutionary forces and the mechanisms underlying the evolution of sex determination.

有性生殖几乎是所有真核生物共有的特性。减数分裂显然有一个单一的祖先来源，但性别决定机制十分多样化，并且重复、非独立地在不同真核谱系中发生。褐藻是一类多细胞的光合生物，与动植物相比有着自己独特的演化历史，已经独立演化了大约10亿左右。本文，作者综述了最近利用水云属褐藻作为模式物种进行单倍体性染色体研究的概况，并且重点突出了多样化的生殖和生命周期特性为绿藻的性别决定演化提供了一种特别的演化动力和机制。

通讯：Susana M. Coelho (http://www.sb-roscoff.fr/en/coelho-susana/49)

研究方向：褐藻的发育和生殖生物学。

doi: https://doi.org/10.1111/nph.15694

Journal: New Phytologist

First Published: January 22, 2019