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The opium poppy genome and morphinan production
First author: Li Guo; Affiliations: Xi’an Jiaotong University (西安交通大学): Xi’an, China
Corresponding author: Kai Ye (叶凯)
Morphinan-based (吗啡) painkillers (止痛药) are derived from opium poppy (罂粟). We report a draft of the opium poppy genome, with 2.72 Gb assembled into 11 chromosomes with contig N50 and scaffold N50 of 1.77 Mb and 204 Mb, respectively. Synteny analysis suggests a whole genome duplication at approximately 7.8 million years ago (MYA) and ancient segmental or whole genome duplication(s) that occurred before the Papaveraceae-Ranunculaceae (罂粟科-毛茛科) divergence 110 MYA. Syntenic blocks representative of phthalideisoquinoline (苯酞异喹啉) and morphinan components of a benzylisoquinoline alkaloid (苄基异喹啉类生物碱) cluster of 15 genes provides insight into how it evolved. Paralog analysis identified P450 and oxidoreductase (氧化还原酶) genes that combined to form the STORR gene fusion essential for morphinan biosynthesis in opium poppy. Thus gene duplication, rearrangement and fusion events have led to evolution of specialized metabolic products in opium poppy.
基于吗啡类物质的止痛药主要源自于罂粟。本文报道了罂粟的基因组草图,2.72Gb的基因组组装到了11条染色体上,contig N50长1.77Mb,scaffold N50长204Mb。共线性分析显示罂粟基因组在7.8个百万年前发生过一次全基因组复制事件,而在更早的罂粟科-毛茛科分化之前,也就是在110个百万年之前发生过一次片段化或是全基因组的复制事件。富含苯酞异喹啉、吗啡等苄基异喹啉类生物碱编码的15基因组成的基因簇提供了罂粟演化的信息。同源分析鉴定了P450和氧化还原酶基因融合形成了一个STORR基因,该基因对于罂粟中吗啡的生物合成具有关键的作用。因此,基因复制、重排及融合事件共同导致了罂粟中特异性代谢产物的演化。
通讯:叶凯 (http://gr.xjtu.edu.cn/web/kaiye)
个人简介:1995-1999年,武汉大学,本科;2000-2003年,武汉大学,硕士;2004-2008年,荷兰莱顿大学,博士;2008-2009年,欧洲生物信息学研究所,博士后。
研究方向:生物信息学与基因组学。
doi: 10.1126/science.aat4096
Journal: Science
Published date: 30 August, 2018
(P.S. 原文下载:链接:https://pan.baidu.com/s/1qFiSsqwlF_7JjmGMbedfhQ 密码:dmu6)
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