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Genome Biology:长期平衡选择有助于拟南芥和荠菜的适应性进化

已有 6767 次阅读 2017-12-14 08:23 |个人分类:每日摘要|系统分类:论文交流

Long-term balancing selection contributes to adaptation in Arabidopsis and its relatives


First author: Qiong Wu; Affiliations: Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences (中科院植物所): Beijing, China
Corresponding author: Ya-Long Guo (郭亚龙)


Background: In contrast to positive selection (正向选择), which reduces genetic variation by fixing beneficial alleles, balancing selection (平衡选择) maintains genetic variation within a population or species and plays crucial roles in adaptation in diverse organisms. However, which genes, genome-wide, are under balancing selection and the extent to which these genes are involved in adaptation are largely unknown.


Results: We performed a genome-wide scan for genes under balancing selection across two plant species, Arabidopsis thalianaand its relative Capsella rubella (荠菜), which diverged about 8 million generations ago. Among hundreds of genes with shared coding-region polymorphisms, we find evidence for long-term (长期的) balancing selection in five genes: AT1G35220, AT2G16570, AT4G29360, AT5G38460, and AT5G44000. These genes are involved in the response to biotic and abiotic stress and other fundamental biochemical processes. More intriguingly, for these genes, we detected significant ecological diversification between the two haplotype (单倍型) groups, suggesting that balancing selection has been very important for adaptation.


Conclusions: Our results indicate that beyond the well-known S-locus genes and resistance genes, many loci are under balancing selection. These genes are mostly correlated with resistance to stress or other fundamental functions and likely play a more important role in adaptation to diverse habitats than previously thought.




正向选择会固定有益的等位基因,从而减少了群体的遗传变异,而平衡选择不同,平衡选择会维持一个群体内或物种内的遗传变异,在不同生物的适应性进化中起到关键作用。然而,基因组范围内的哪些基因受到平衡选择,以及这些基因参与物种适应性进化到何种程度很大程度上并不清楚。


本文对十字花科的两个分化8百万年的邻近物种拟南芥和荠菜进行了全基因组范围的扫描,以鉴定那些受到平衡选择的基因。在数百个共享编码区多态性的基因中,作者发现有五个基因受到长期的平衡选择,分别是AT1G35220,AT2G16570,AT4G29360,AT5G38460和AT5G44000。这些基因参与了生物和非生物胁迫以及一些其他基础的生化通路中。有趣的是,作者在不同单倍群间这些基因上鉴定到了显著的生态多样性,表明平衡选择对于物种的适应性起到了非常重要的作用。


本文的结果揭示了除了已知的S-locus基因和抗性基因外,还有很多其他位点的基因受到了平衡选择。这些基因大多与胁迫抗性相关,以及一些其他基础的功能相关,并且在物种适应不同生境起到比之前所认为的更加重要的作用。


(划重点:杜克大学的Thomas Mitchell-Olds教授于2017年12月12日在Genome Biology线发表了研究亮点(Research Highlight)点评了这篇文章,链接:https://doi.org/10.1186/s13059-017-1365-1




个人简介:1998年,西北师范大学,学士;2001年,兰州大学,硕士;2005年,中科院植物所,博士;2005-2011年,德国马普发育生物学研究所,博士后。


研究方向:进化基因组学;自交不亲和系统的进化及物种形成;自然变异及适应性进化。


doi: https://doi.org/10.1186/s13059-017-1342-8


Journal: Genome Biology
Published online: 15 November, 2017

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