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Tariff rate quota
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A trade policy tool used to protect a domestically-produced commodity or product from competitive imports. A tariff rate quota (TRQ) combines two policy instruments that nations historically have used to restrict such imports: quotas and tariffs. In a TRQ, the quota component works together with a specified tariff level to provide the desired degree of import protection. Imports entering during a specific time period under the quota portion of a TRQ are usually subject to a lower, or sometimes a zero, tariff rate. Imports above the quota’s quantitative threshold face a much higher (usually prohibitive) tariff. Currently, TRQs apply to U.S. imports of certain dairy products, beef, cotton, peanuts, sugar, certain sugar-containing products, and tobacco.
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Import quota that allows a limited quantity of specified merchandise into a country (or withdrawal of already imported merchandise from a bonded warehouse) for consumption at a reduced duty rate during a specified period. Also called tariff quota.
http://www.businessdictionary.com
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A tariff-rate quota (TRQ) is a trade policy tool used to protect a domestically-produced commodity or product from competitive imports.[1]
A TRQ combines two policy instruments that nations historically have used to restrict such imports: quotas and tariffs. In a TRQ, the quota component works together with a specified tariff level to provide the desired degree of import protection. Imports entering during a specific time period under the quota portion of a TRQ are usually subject to a lower, or sometimes a zero, tariff rate. Imports above the quota’s quantitative threshold face a much higher (usually prohibitive) tariff.[1]
As part of the 1995 Uruguay Round Agreement on Agriculture, the World Trade Organization prohibited agricultural trade quotas among its member nations. TRQs, however, were permitted as a form of transition to simple tariffs.[2]
As of 2005[update], TRQs apply to U.S. imports of certain dairy products, beef, cotton, green olives, peanuts, peanut butter, sugar, certain sugar-containing products, and tobacco.[1] A TRQ was applied to US steel imports in 2002.[3]
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tariff-rate_quota
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This memorandum has been updated to reflect changes to the Canada Border Services Agency’s (CBSA) role in administering the provisions of the Tariff Rate Quotas (TRQ).
http://www.cbsa-asfc.gc.ca/publications/dm-md/d10/d10-18-1-eng.html
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Economics of Tariff-Rate Quota Administration
David W. Skully
Technical Bulletin No. (TB1893) 27 pp, April 2001
The 1996 Uruguay Round Agreement on Agriculture was a step toward free trade. The Agreement lifts bans and quotas on imports, but allows their conversion into tariff-rate quotas (TRQs), which function like quotas. At present, many of the 1,300 TRQs increased market access to imports, but some have preserved pre-Agreement levels of protection. The World Trade Organization’s intent as to the administration of TRQs is open to interpretation. This report analyzes seven administrative methods in light of the principle of nondiscrimination. We conclude that auctions are the best way to administer a TRQ. First-come, first-served and license-on-demand methods present a moderate risk of biased trade. State trading organizations and producer groups that directly administer TRQs can also bias trade. Historical allocation is the method most likely to be discriminatory. Two case studies illustrate our conclusion.
Keywords: Tariff-rate quotas, quantitative restrictions, trade barriers, tariffs
In this report ...
Chapters are in Adobe Acrobat PDF format.
- Abstract, 8 kb
- Contents, 20 kb
- Summary, 23 kb
- Introduction and Tariff-Rate Quotas (TRQs), 33 kb
- TRQ Administrative Methods, 38 kb
- Economic Analysis of TRQ Administrative Methods, 98 kb
- Conclusion, 20 kb
- References, 27 kb
- Appendix, 21 kb
- Entire report, 141 kb
Updated date: April 1, 2001
http://www.ers.usda.gov/Publications/TB1893/
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