为什么说高尔顿是达尔文的半个表弟？

Sir Francis Galton FRS (1822—1911) is a half-cousin of Charles Robert Darwin FRS (1809—1882).

达尔文的半个表弟Francis Galton-rev1.pdf

为什么说高尔顿是达尔文的半个表弟？

http://blog.sciencenet.cn/blog-225931-978240.html

2016-5-19 04:48  

博物学家达尔文的半个表弟高尔顿 

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博物学家达尔文(Charles Robert Darwin FRS, 1809—1882)

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Darwin  

高尔顿(Francis Galton FRS,1822--1911) 也是英国一个牛人，他很博学，提出“Eugenics”（优生学）并创造了这一术语.

Sir Francis Galton, FRS (/ˈfrɑːnsɪs ˈɡɔːltən/; 16 February 1822 – 17 January 1911) was anEnglish Victorian statistician, progressive, polymath, sociologist, psychologist,^[1][2] anthropologist, eugenicist, tropical explorer,geographer, inventor, meteorologist, proto-geneticist and psychometrician. He was knightedin 1909.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Francis_Galton  

博物学家达尔文比高尔顿年长13岁。

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博物学家达尔文的爷爷=高尔顿的外祖父

博物学家达尔文的祖父-- Erasmus Darwin（1731--1802)

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Erasmus_Darwin 

博物学家达尔文的祖父Erasmus Darwin（1731--1802) 娶过两个妻子--

第1任妻子：Mary (Polly) Howard (1740–1770) [1757年结婚]

第2任妻子：Elizabeth Pole(née Collier) (1747–1832) [Edward Pole (1718–1780)去世][ 1780年ErasmusDarwin和Elizabeth Pole结婚]

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博物学家达尔文的父亲是Robert Waring Darwin (1766–1848)，系祖父Erasmus Darwin（1731--1802) 的第1任妻子Mary (Polly) Howard所生。 

高尔顿的母亲是Frances Ann  Darwin (1783–1874),系外祖父Erasmus Darwin（1731--1802) 的第2任妻子：Elizabeth Pole(née Collier) (1747–1832)所生。 

博物学家达尔文的父亲比高尔顿的母亲年长17岁。他们是兄妹关系，但同父、不同母。 

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所以严谨地讲，高尔顿是博物学家达尔文的半个表弟。 

（孙启高）

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相关阅读 

博物学家达尔文的祖父-- Erasmus Darwin（1731--1802)

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Erasmus_Darwin Erasmus Darwin（1731--1802)

第1任妻子：Mary (Polly) Howard(1740–1770) [1757年结婚]

第2任妻子：Elizabeth Pole(née Collier) (1747–1832) [Edward Pole (1718–1780)去世][ 1780年Erasmus Darwin和Elizabeth Pole结婚]

Erasmus Darwin和Elizabeth Pole

Darwin married twice and had 14children, including two illegitimate daughters by an employee, and, possibly,at least one further illegitimate daughter.

In 1757, he married Mary(Polly) Howard (1740–1770). They had four sons and one daughter, twoof whom (a son and a daughter) died in infancy:

·       Charles Darwin(1758–1778)

·       Erasmus Darwin II(1759–1799)

·       Elizabeth Darwin (1763,survived 4 months)

·       Robert Waring Darwin (1766–1848),father of the naturalist Charles Darwin

·       William Alvey Darwin(1767, survived 19 days)

The first Mrs. Darwin died in1770. A governess, MaryParker, was hired to look after Robert. By late 1771, employer and employee hadbecome intimately involved and together they had two illegitimate daughters:

·       Susanna Parker(1772–1856)

·       Mary Parker Jr(1774–1859)

Susanna and Mary Jr laterestablished a boarding school forgirls. In 1782, Mary Sr (the governess) married Joseph Day (1745–1811), aBirmingham merchant, and moved away.

Darwin may have fatheredanother child, this time with a married woman. A Lucy Swift gave birth in 1771to a baby, also named Lucy, who was christened a daughter of her mother andWilliam Swift, but there is reason to believe the father was really Darwin.^[4] Lucy Jr. married John Hardcastle in Derby in 1792 and theirdaughter, Mary, married Francis Boott, thephysician.

Elizabeth Pole(née Collier) (1747–1832)

In 1775, Darwin met ElizabethPole, daughter of Charles Colyear, 2nd Earl of Portmore, and wifeof Colonel Edward Pole (1718–1780); butas she was married, Darwin could only make his feelings known for her throughpoetry. When Edward Pole died, Darwin married Elizabeth and moved to her home, Radbourne Hall,four miles (6 km) west of Derby. The hall and village are these days knownas Radbourne. In 1782,they moved to Full Street, Derby. They had four sons, one of whom died ininfancy, and three daughters:

·       Edward Darwin(1782–1829)

·       Frances Ann Violetta Darwin(1783–1874), married Samuel Tertius Galton,was the mother of Francis Galton

·       Emma Georgina ElizabethDarwin (1784–1818)

·       Sir FrancisSacheverel Darwin (1786–1859)

·       John Darwin (1787–1818)

·       Henry Darwin(1789–1790), died in infancy.

·       Harriet Darwin(1790–1825), married Admiral Thomas James Maling

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学艺不精累及无辜--达尔文的表弟高尔顿

http://blog.sciencenet.cn/blog-2757522-970629.html

2016-4-17 08:01

马中良 

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