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German embryologist Caspar Friedrich Wolff(1733—1794)
德国胚胎学家Caspar Friedrich Wolff (1733—1794)
18世纪德国生物学家Caspar Friedrich Wolff (1733—1794)是现代胚胎学奠基人,于1733年出生于柏林。1759年,Caspar Friedrich Wolff毕业于Halle大学,获得医学博士学位。他的博士学位论文《发生理论》(Theoria Generationis)非常著名。
“预成论”(Preformation)和“渐成论”(Epigenesis)是研究动物胚胎发育的两大观点,在科学史上被一些大学者争论了千年之久。Caspar Friedrich Wolff通过观察研究鸡胚的发育,为“渐成论”提供了有力的支持,这是其博士论文的大亮点,但导致本已停息的争论再度激烈起来。
Caspar Friedrich Wolff从个体发生发育的角度开展了植物解剖学研究,提出了植物细胞和组织分化的理论,为生长点的研究奠定了基础。
因为卷入“预成论”和“渐成论”的大争论,Caspar Friedrich Wolff遭到学术对手的反对,很难在德国学术机构谋到正式职位。1766年,时年33岁的Caspar Friedrich Wolff终于在俄罗斯的圣彼得堡找到工作。后来,他当选为俄罗斯科学院院士。1794年,Caspar Friedrich Wolff因脑溢血客死于圣彼得堡。
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Outline of German embryologist Caspar Friedrich Wolff (1733—1794) and plant anatomy
∮1 Preformation (预成论) vs epigenesis (渐成论)
∮2 Caspar Friedrich Wolff (1733—1794)
∮3 Theoria generationis (《发生理论》)
∮4 Anatomy of plants and the theory of growing point
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Brief life chronology of German embryologist Caspar Friedrich Wolff (1733—1794)
--1733: Born in Berlin [father-- Johann Wolff and mother--Anna Sofia Stiebeler];
--1753—1754: Studied medicine at the Collegium medico-chirurgicum in Berlin; then transferred to the University of Halle;
--1759: Received an M.D. from the University of Halle with a famous dissertation "Theoria Generationis" (《发生理论》);
Theoria generationis ...Wolff, Caspar Friedrich, 1733-1794.Halae ad Salam : Litteris Hendelianis, [1759]
--Difficult to find a position in academic institutions because of many antagonists;
--1761: Worked as a field surgeon for the Prussian army;
--1764: Published a paper entitled “Theorie von der Generation”;
--1766: Obtained a position at the Department of Anatomy of the St. Petersburg Academy of Sciences;
--Elected to a full member of the St. Petersburg Academy ofSciences;
--1794: Died of a brain hemorrhage in St. Petersburg at age of 61.
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Qigao Sun (孙启高):
古今植物学大讲堂
Lectures on Neobotany & Palaeobotany
植物演化生物学讲座-16
Lectures on Evolutionary Biology of Plants (16)
植物形态解剖学: Neo & Paleo-植物学(16)
结构植物学: Neo & Paleo-植物学(16)
Morphology & Anatomy: Neobotany+Paleobotany(No.16)
Structural Botany: Neobotany+Paleobotany (No.16)
German embryologist Caspar Friedrich Wolff(1733—1794)
德国胚胎学家Caspar Friedrich Wolff (1733—1794)
2017年4月
相关阅读:
Lectures for Neobotany and palaeobotany: a teaching project and catalogue
古今植物学大讲堂(工作目录)
http://blog.sciencenet.cn/blog-225931-1031964.html
2017-2-6 21:44
Germanem bryologist Caspar Friedrich Wolff (1733—1794)
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caspar_Friedrich_Wolff
Ruffenach, Stephen, "Caspar Friedrich Wolff(1734-1794)". Embryo Project Encyclopedia (2009-07-07). ISSN:1940-5030 http://embryo.asu.edu/handle/10776/1925.
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Preformation vs epigenesis
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Preformationism
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Rationalism and embryology: Caspar Friedrich Wolff's theory of epigenesis
Roe, ShirleyJournal of the History of Biology, 1979,Vol.12(1), pp.1-43 [Peer Reviewed Journal]
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饶毅:胚胎诱导
http://blog.sciencenet.cn/blog-2237-754113.html
2013-12-3010:12
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张剑, 徐桂霞, 薛皓月, 胡瑾,2007. 植物进化发育生物学的形成与研究进展. 植物学通报, 24(1): 1−30.
Zhang J., Xu G.X., Xue H.Y., Hu J., 2007. Foundation and current progress of plant evolutionary developmental biology. Chinese Bulletin of Botany, 24(1):1-30 [in Chinese with English abstract].
(转载于:http://blog.sciencenet.cn/blog-225931-1050117.html2017-4-20 19:17)
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Structural Botany: Neobotany+Paleobotany (No.14)
English plant anatomist Nehemiah Grew FRS (1641--1712), a founder of plant anatomy
植物解剖学奠基人Nehemiah Grew FRS (1641--1712)
http://blog.sciencenet.cn/blog-225931-1035175.html
2017-2-21 23:06
Structural Botany: Neobotany+Paleobotany (No.13)
解剖学和胚胎学先驱[植物解剖学奠基人]Marcello Malpighi FRS (1628--1694)
Marcello Malpighi FRS (1628--1694)—a pioneer of anatomy and embryology [a founder of plant anatomy]
http://blog.sciencenet.cn/blog-225931-1033090.html
2017-2-12 03:21
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Germanem bryologist Caspar Friedrich Wolff’s (1733—1794) doctoral dissertation--
Theoria generationis ...Wolff, Caspar Friedrich, 1733-1794.Halae ad Salam : Litteris Hendelianis, [1759]
· Title:
Theoria generationis ...
· Attribution:Caspar Fridericus Wolff.
· Author / Creator:Wolff, Caspar Friedrich, 1733-1794.
· Published:Halae ad Salam : Litteris Hendelianis, [1759]
· Description:146 p., [2] leaves of plates ;22 cm. (4to)
· Language:Latin
· Notes:Head and tail pieces.
Thesisnote: Thesis(M.D.)--Universität Halle, 1759.
References: Garrison-Morton(5th ed.), 470
· Subject:Plant embryology.;
Plant physiology.;
Plant physiology -- Early works to 1800.;
Botany -- Pre-Linnean works.;
Evolution -- Early works to 1800.;
Reproduction -- Early works to 1800.
· Med. subject:Plants - embryology.
· Form / Genre:Early works.
· Place:Hierarchical: Germany -- Halle an der Saale.
· Author / Creator:Halle 1759.
· HOLLIS Number:009726199
· Creation Date:[1759]
· Permalink:http://id.lib.harvard.edu/aleph/009726199/catalog
· Source:HVD ALEPH
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