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人类行为-地域风情的遗传学
地域风情的遗传学解读
Also known as Gene-Culture Coevolution或 “生物-文化进化学”( biocultural evolution)或人类行为的双遗传(Dual inheritance of Human Behaviour)
学科内容
to understand how human behaviour is determined by both genetics and culture (Dual Inheritance). To fulfil the possible routes of Genetic evolution and Cultural evolution.
Apparently (without a doubt ) that Human behaviour has long been found to be determined by both Genes and Environments. Human culture is one of ... How genes could possibly affect human behaviour are so far largely unknown, although they have long been susceptible they do..., furthermore, genes and culture continually interact in a feedback loop, for example, certain changes in genes can lead to changes in culture which can then influence genetic selection and vice versa.
研究课题举例:
一、局域婚配对价值取向的影响
“十里不同风,百里不同俗,千里不同情”不可能“千里共婵娟”,不能“千里共婵娟”就不大可能“但愿人长久”
什么是“风俗”?
一个地域中的人所共同表现出的行为模式,包括风尚、礼节、习性,并通过节日习俗、传统礼仪等等加以体现。“风俗”是慢慢形成的,一旦形成则会对特定地域的人员产生一种强烈的行为制约。这种制约直接影响了当地社会的道德和法律。因此“风俗”应该被视作“道德”和“法律”的社会和人文基础。
“行为”受基因决定
人的行为受基因决定,同样,人们的感受也受基因决定。
比如对“苦味”的感受
Phenylthiocarbamide (PTC), also known as phenylthiourea (PTU)
人群中有人感觉PTC很苦,有些人却觉得它无味 。这受基因决定。
人群中约有20%的人属于能感受“其苦”的,这些人一般连蔬菜都不喜欢吃,因为他们能感受日常市场上常见到的十字花科蔬菜,如西兰花、萝卜、蔓菁、菜花...等等的“苦涩” (芥子油挥发)
有30%的人根本就毫无感觉,而有约50%的人介于中间...
类似的“感受”受基因决定的例子比比皆是...
人类行为遗传学研究面临着方法学问题
Most researched human behaviours are influenced by a very large number of genes and the individual effects of these genes are very small. Environmental influences also play a strong role, but they tend to make family members more different from one another, not more similar.
目前这个领域进展十分缓慢,主要受制于方法学问题,尚未建立有效的实验手段,使用最多的方法是双胞胎分析和收养分析,但这里面有很多的"unrealistic statistical" 和 "scientific assumptions"。全基因组范围内的基因分型(genome wide genotyping)有望助力行为遗传学研究
现有期刊:Genes, Brain and Behavior
Behavior Genetics
Genetics
Molecular Genetics
等等
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