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Cell文章—昼夜节律颠倒影响肠道菌群进而危害健康

已有 3609 次阅读 2014-11-16 21:32 |个人分类:美文摘要|系统分类:科普集锦| 宏微生物体, 微生物群体, 时差的影响, 肠道微生物失调, 厚壁菌门

Eran Elina来自以色列Rehovot的Weizmann科学研究所，他们发现小鼠肠道微生物丰度随宿主每天的进食协调波动。Elina通过遗传学方法消除小鼠的生物钟或改变小鼠的生物钟后，细菌的节律性消失，组成也发生改变。

受时差影响的小鼠经高脂饮食后，要比正常小鼠经高脂饮食更容易患糖尿病。人在跨大西洋旅行前后肠道菌群也发生改变：厚壁菌门（Firmicutes）微生物增加，这类菌已被证实与代谢疾病有关。这一发现有助于解释为何倒班工更容易肥胖和患糖尿病。该研究成果发表在cell上，链接及文题、摘要如下：

http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0092867414012367

Transkingdom Control of Microbiota Diurnal Oscillations Promotes Metabolic Homeostasis

Summary

All domains of life feature diverse molecular clock machineries that synchronize physiological processes to diurnal environmental fluctuations. However, no mechanisms are known to cross-regulate prokaryotic and eukaryotic circadian rhythms in multikingdom ecosystems. Here, we show that the intestinal microbiota, in both mice and humans, exhibits diurnal oscillations that are influenced by feeding rhythms, leading to time-specific compositional and functional profiles over the course of a day. Ablation of host molecular clock components or induction of jet lag leads to aberrant microbiota diurnal fluctuations and dysbiosis, driven by impaired feeding rhythmicity. Consequently, jet-lag-induced dysbiosis in both mice and humans promotes glucose intolerance and obesity that are transferrable to germ-free mice upon fecal transplantation. Together, these findings provide evidence of coordinated metaorganism diurnal rhythmicity and offer a microbiome-dependent mechanism for common metabolic disturbances in humans with aberrant circadian rhythms, such as those documented in shift workers and frequent flyers.

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