新观点：韧性概念视角的安全新内涵

文/王秉

中南大学   资源与安全工程学院  安全理论创新与促进研究中心

Hollnagel将韧性定义为“一个系统在产生变化和干扰之前、期间或之后用来调整其功能的内在能力，以期使它可以在预期和非预期的条件维持所需的运行操作”（Hollnagel define resilience as “the intrinsic ability of a system to adjust its functioning priorto, during, or following changes and disturbances, so that it can sustainrequired operations under both expected and unexpected conditions”）(Hollnagel et al., 2008, 2011)。安全作为韧性工程中一个关键概念，其不再是“免于不可接受的风险”，而是“在不同条件下成功的能力”（ A key concept in Resilience Engineering is that safety is not “freedom from unacceptable risk” anymore, but the “ability to succeed under varying conditions”）(Hollnagel et al., 2011)。他们认为，韧性工程的四大基石是（They suggested four cornerstones of resilience engineering to be:）

•ability to respond – knowing what to do

•反应能力—知道该做什么

•ability to monitor – knowing what to look for

•监控能力—知道要找什么

•ability to anticipate – knowing what to expect

•预见能力—知道该期待什么

•ability to learn – knowing what has happened

•学习能力—知道发生了什么

参考文献：

Hollnagel, E., Nemeth, C.P., Dekker, S., 2008. ResilienceEngineering Perspectives: Remaining Sensitive to the Possibility of Failure.Ashgate, Farnham.

Hollnagel, E., Paries, J., Woods, D.D., Wreathall, J., 2011.Resilience Engineering in Practice: A Guidebook. Ashgate, Farnham.