强烈推荐一篇最新文章：借用启发法来认识文献计量学

武夷山

     德国马普学会的Lutz Bornmann和瑞士洛桑大学的Julian N. Marewski共同撰写了一篇文章，日前发表在ArXiv预印本文库上。文章题目是：Heuristics as conceptual lens for understanding and studying the usage of bibliometrics in research evaluation（将启发法作为科研评价中采用文献计量学方法之认识与研究的概念透镜）。原文见https://export.arxiv.org/ftp/arxiv/papers/1807/1807.05115.pdf。

    我本人早就重视heuristics（启发法），曾写过一些短文予以介绍，如：

删繁就简的决策策略，http://blog.sciencenet.cn/blog-1557-3104.html

启发式方法：大脑固有的还是需要额外学习的？http://blog.sciencenet.cn/blog-1557-500668.html

    可是，我从来没有将启发法与科学计量学挂钩。浏览本文，有醍醐灌顶的感觉。文章指出，科研评价属于在不确定状况下做出判断，而启发法就是在不确定状况下做出判断的利器。按照这个思路去理解文献计量学和科学计量学，就“柳暗花明又一村”了。所以，强烈推荐科学计量学爱好者阅读此文。文章摘要如下：

While bibliometrics is widely used for research evaluation purposes, a common theoretical framework for conceptually understanding, empirically studying, and effectively teaching their usage is lacking. In this paper, we develop one such framework: the fast-and-frugal heuristics research program, proposed originally in the context of the cognitive and decision sciences, lends itself particularly well for understanding and investigating the usage of bibliometrics in research evaluations. Such evaluations represent judgments under uncertainty in which typically neither all possible outcomes, nor their consequences, and probabilities are known, knowable, or can be reliably estimated. In such situations of fuzzy and incomplete information, good descriptive and prescriptive models of human behavior are heuristics. Heuristics are simple strategies that, by exploiting the structure of environments, can aid people to make smart decisions. Relying on heuristics does not mean trading off accuracy against effort: while reducing complexity, heuristics can yield better decisions than more information-greedy procedures in many environments. This is well-documented in a large literature, cutting across psychology, computer science, crime, the law, medicine, and other domains. We outline the fast-and-frugal research program, illustrate examples of past research on heuristics outside the field of bibliometrics, explain why heuristics are especially suitable for studying the usage of bibliometrics, and outline a corresponding conceptual framework.

https://export.arxiv.org/ftp/arxiv/papers/1807/1807.05115.pdf