Fig.1 Hydrogel photocatalysts as an effective strategy for energy conversion and environmental treatment.

    这篇综述总结了合成不同种类水凝胶光催化剂材料的不同方法。这些水凝胶光催化剂是通过把水凝胶加入各种光催化剂，如TiO₂、C₃N₄、CdS、CuS、PMI和石墨烯混合复合物而开发出来的。此外，本文还详细讨论了水凝胶光催化剂在能源转换和环境处理方面的两个主要应用，并且总结了水凝胶光催化剂在各种应用中的最新进展。希望本文可以为设计和制造先进的水凝胶光催化剂材料提供新的见解，以实现高效的光催化。

1) 目前对水凝胶光催化剂的研究集中在光催化剂和凝胶网络的随机共混上，这可能会限制光催化活性部位的暴露。颗粒状的干凝胶可能会导致操作复杂化，并因光催化剂泄漏而导致分离困难和二次污染，而且回收性差。

2）目前的研究主要集中在光催化剂的设计和修改上，对水凝胶成分的内在特性的研究较少。调节凝胶的网络结构和膨胀性能以及凝胶的吸附性能也会协同促进光催化剂的性能，需要进一步研究。

    为了进一步改善水凝胶光催化材料的催化性能，水凝胶单体和光催化剂的界面修饰以及凝胶网络的调控可能会是一种有效的策略，可以实现光催化凝胶的高效可持续循环，从而克服现有水凝胶光催化剂的缺点。

Hydrogel photocatalysts for efficient energy conversion and environmental treatment

Wenwei LEI¹, Norihiro SUZUKI², Chiaki TERASHIMA*², Akira FUJISHIMA¹

作者单位：

1. School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao 066004, China; Photocatalysis International Research Center, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda, Chiba 278-8510, Japan

2. Photocatalysis International Research Center, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda, Chiba 278-8510, Japan

Abstract：

Photocatalysts have attracted great research interest owing to their excellent properties and potential for simultaneously addressing challenges related to energy needs and environmental pollution. Photocatalytic particles need to be in contact with their respective media to exhibit efficient photocatalytic performances. However, it is difficult to separate nanometer-sized photocatalytic materials from reaction media later, which may lead to secondary pollution and a poor recycling performance. Hydrogel photocatalysts with a three-dimensional (3D) network structures are promising support materials for photocatalysts based on features such as high specific surface areas and adsorption capacities and good environmental compatibility. In this review, hydrogel photocatalysts are classified into two different categories depending on their elemental composition and recent progresses in the methods for preparing hydrogel photocatalysts are summarized. Moreover, current applications of hydrogel photocatalysts in energy conversion and environmental remediation are reviewed. Furthermore, a comprehensive outlook and highlight future challenges in the development of hydrogel photocatalysts are presented.

Keywords:

hydrogel, photocatalysts, energy conversion, environmental treatment

Cite this article

Wenwei LEI, Norihiro SUZUKI, Chiaki TERASHIMA, Akira FUJISHIMA. Hydrogel photocatalysts for efficient energy conversion and environmental treatment. Front. Energy, https://doi.org/10.1007/s11708-021-0756-x

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