[感慨，搜集] 相关性与因果性：彩色的块茎旱金莲 Tropaeolum tuberosum

块茎旱金莲： Tropaeolum tuberosum, mashua, anu

彩色： colored , color

安第斯山脉： Andes

   因果与相关是两个不同的重要概念。

   因果关系描述事物之间的影响机制，具有外延性和可预测性；相关关系描述所看到事物之间的表面现象，没有外延性和可预测性。

   即使这两个因素之间没有因果关系，仍可能会表现出虚假的相关关系；相反地，如果它们之间具有因果关系，也不一定表现出相关关系。

https://www.zgbk.com/ecph/words?SiteID=1&ID=235393&Type=bkzyb&SubID=59860

因果性/causality/朱复康，中国大百科全书

块茎旱金莲长成下面这样，到底什么感觉？

到底什么是相关性？到底什么是因果性？块茎旱金莲的多因多果，谁来诉说？

   块茎旱金莲 Tropaeolum tuberosum 隶属于旱金莲科，旱金莲属。英文名Mashua，俗名：anu（阿奴）。

https://zhuanlan.zhihu.com/p/341732677

下面是网上搜集到的彩色块茎旱金莲图片。

外语由【机器翻译】成汉语，不知道翻译的对不对。我不是学生物的。惭愧！

感谢原作者和有关人员！

图1  mashua-tuber-nasturtium.jpg

https://www.nature-and-garden.com/gardening/mashua-tropaelum-tuberosum.html

https://www.nature-and-garden.com/gardening/mashua-tropaelum-tuberosum.html

图2  mashua.jpg

https://www.barney.dk/wp-content/uploads/2020/03/mashua.jpg

https://www.barney.dk/produkt/mashua-tropaeolum-tuberosum/

图3  81x+8NMphkL._SL1500_.jpg

https://images-na.ssl-images-amazon.com/images/I/81x%2B8NMphkL._SL1500_.jpg

图4  mashua-Satsop-tubers.jpg

https://www.cultivariable.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/01/mashua-Satsop-tubers.jpg

图5  mashua-Chockalilum-tubers.jpg

https://www.cultivariable.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/01/mashua-Chockalilum-tubers.jpg

图6  mashua-Ahahawat-tubers.jpg

https://www.cultivariable.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/01/mashua-Ahahawat-tubers.jpg

图7  UK_unusual-veg-oxalis-tuberosa.jpg

https://www.lovethegarden.com/sites/default/files/content/articles/UK_unusual-veg-oxalis-tuberosa.jpg

https://ar.inspiredpencil.com/pictures-2023/unusual-vegetables

图8  mashua-3x3-1536x1536.jpg

https://www.cultivariable.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/02/mashua-3x3-1536x1536.jpg

https://www.cultivariable.com/instructions/andean-roots-tubers/how-to-grow-mashua/

图9  mashua-Candy_Cane-tubers-hand-1024x1024.jpg

https://www.cultivariable.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/01/mashua-Candy_Cane-tubers-hand-1024x1024.jpg

https://www.cultivariable.com/product/mashua/mashua-varieties/mashua-candy-cane/

图10  mashua-Okeho-tubers-hand.jpg

https://www.cultivariable.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/12/mashua-Okeho-tubers-hand.jpg

https://www.cultivariable.com/product/mashua/mashua-varieties/mashua-okeho/

图11  mashua-Puca_Anu-tubers-hand-1024x1024.jpg

https://www.cultivariable.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/01/mashua-Puca_Anu-tubers-hand-1024x1024.jpg

https://www.cultivariable.com/product/mashua/mashua-varieties/mashua-puca-anu/

图12  mashua-Negra-hand.jpg

https://www.cultivariable.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/04/mashua-Negra-hand.jpg

https://www.cultivariable.com/product/mashua/mashua-tubers/mashua-negra/

图13  mashua-Orange-hand-1024x1024.jpg

https://www.cultivariable.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/12/mashua-Orange-hand-1024x1024.jpg

https://www.cultivariable.com/?product=mashua-orange

图14  mashua-Lowhum-hand.jpg

https://www.cultivariable.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/04/mashua-Lowhum-hand.jpg

https://www.cultivariable.com/product/mashua/mashua-tubers/mashua-lowhum/

图15  mashuanegra-1-scaled-2560x1280.jpg

https://shungotola.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/02/mashuanegra-1-scaled-2560x1280.jpg

https://shungotola.com/cultivos-ancestrales-en-el-huerto-de-hoy/

图16  mashua-IMG_7511.jpeg

https://nursery.oaec.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/06/mashua-IMG_7511.jpeg

https://nursery.oaec.org/product/mashua/

图17  editIMG_7241.jpg

https://www.kew.org/sites/default/files/2019-12/editIMG_7241.jpg

https://www.kew.org/read-and-watch/tuber-food-future

图18  image1oca.JPG.webp

https://www.kew.org/sites/default/files/styles/original/public/2019-12/image1oca.JPG.webp?itok=4KBpxez5

https://www.kew.org/read-and-watch/tuber-food-future

图19  mashua-dish.jpg

https://www.cultivariable.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/12/mashua-dish.jpg

https://www.cultivariable.com/mashua-flavor-comparisons/

图20  mashua-Candy_Cane-tubers.jpg

https://www.cultivariable.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/01/mashua-Candy_Cane-tubers.jpg

https://www.cultivariable.com/product/mashua/mashua-varieties/mashua-candy-cane/

图21  IMG_3936.webp

https://goodlifepermaculture.com.au/wp-content/uploads/2015/08/IMG_3936.jpg

https://goodlifepermaculture.com.au/mashua-aka-perennial-nasturtium/

图22  IMG_3938.webp

https://goodlifepermaculture.com.au/wp-content/uploads/2015/08/IMG_3938.jpg

https://goodlifepermaculture.com.au/mashua-aka-perennial-nasturtium/

图23  IMG_3937.webp

https://goodlifepermaculture.com.au/wp-content/uploads/2015/08/IMG_3937.jpg

https://goodlifepermaculture.com.au/mashua-aka-perennial-nasturtium/

参考资料：

[1] 科普中国，2022-12-16，4870个品种，秘鲁为什么要收藏这么多的土豆？

https://www.kepuchina.cn/article/articleinfo?business_type=100&classify=0&ar_id=390828

[2] 知乎，2021-01-04，不一样的“土豆”，块茎旱金莲 Tropaeolum tuberosum

https://zhuanlan.zhihu.com/p/341732677

[3] OCA, ULLUCO & MASHUA,  International Potato Center (CIP)

https://cipotato.org/roots-and-tubers/oca-ulluco-mashua/

Oca (Oxalis tuberosa)

Ulluco (Ullucus tuberosus)

Mashua (Tropaeolum tuberosum)

[4] Cultivariable, 2023-11-24，Mashua (Tropaeolum tuberosum)

https://www.cultivariable.com/instructions/andean-roots-tubers/how-to-grow-mashua/

[5] Good Life Permaculture, 2015-08-21, Mashua: AKA Perennial Nasturtium 又名多年生旱金莲

https://goodlifepermaculture.com.au/mashua-aka-perennial-nasturtium/

相关链接：

[1] 2024-07-08，[感慨，搜集] 相关性与因果性：彩色的土豆（马铃薯）

https://blog.sciencenet.cn/blog-107667-1441428.html

[1] 2024-06-03，[图片，感慨，搜集] 彩色饺子

https://blog.sciencenet.cn/blog-107667-1436752.html

[2] 2023-08-22，[原创有多难] 梦中的嫁接“柿椒果”（附几种辣椒 pepper 图片，[感慨，搜集] 相关性与因果性）

https://blog.sciencenet.cn/blog-107667-1399933.html

[3] 2022-09-18，[感慨，搜集] 相关性与因果性：彩色的玉米

https://blog.sciencenet.cn/blog-107667-1355863.html

[4] 2022-09-17，[感慨，搜集] 相关性与因果性：彩色的西瓜

https://blog.sciencenet.cn/blog-107667-1355723.html

   注：里面的蓝色、紫色西瓜等，有些不排除是假图片。

[5] 2022-07-24，[感慨，搜集] 相关性与因果性：彩色的甘薯

https://blog.sciencenet.cn/blog-107667-1348596.html

[6] 2022-07-23，[感慨，搜集] 相关性与因果性：彩色的西红柿

https://blog.sciencenet.cn/blog-107667-1348474.html

[7] 2022-07-21，[感慨，搜集] 相关性与因果性：彩色的胡萝卜

https://blog.sciencenet.cn/blog-107667-1348234.html

[8] 2022-07-20，[感慨，搜集] 相关性与因果性：南瓜与观赏南瓜

https://blog.sciencenet.cn/blog-107667-1348111.html

[9] 2022-07-18，[小思考，大困惑] 不能仅从一组时间序列分析得到因果性？

https://blog.sciencenet.cn/blog-107667-1347796.html

[10] 2024-04-09，榆钱：卡片机Ⅱ傻拍2024（8）

https://blog.sciencenet.cn/blog-107667-1436610.html

[11] 2021-11-13，[老家] 压饸烙/轧饸饹，饸饹面/饸烙面，压床/轧床，榆皮面，粘杆（nián gān），山药面

https://blog.sciencenet.cn/blog-107667-1312235.html

[12] 2024-03-27，从前（3）：“多信使相对论”（狭义相对论）

https://blog.sciencenet.cn/blog-107667-1427171.html

[13] 2023-04-21，[阅读笔记] “多信使”天文学

https://blog.sciencenet.cn/blog-107667-1385142.html

感谢您的指教！

感谢您指正以上任何错误！

感谢您提供更多的相关资料！