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[笔记，科普，资料] The A.M. Turing Award 图灵奖

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[笔记，科普，资料] The A.M. Turing Award 图灵奖

图灵奖： The A.M. Turing Award

计算机器学会（计算机学会）： Association for Computing Machinery

图灵： Alan Mathison Turing, 1912-06-23 ~ 1954-07-07, 41

图1 图灵奖网站首页局部截图

https://amturing.acm.org/

图2 裁剪自：

https://www.newsroom.hlf-foundation.org/fileadmin/content/acm-turing-award.jpg

图3 图灵奖

https://awards.acm.org/binaries/ctaimagelarge/content/gallery/acm/ctas/awards/am-turing-award-site.jpg

Turing 1930 britannica Alan-Turing_小本.jpg

图4 图灵，约 1930年。 British mathematician Alan Turing, c. 1930s.

https://cdn.britannica.com/81/191581-050-8C0A8CD3/Alan-Turing.jpg

https://www.britannica.com/biography/Alan-Turing/Computer-designer

一、The A.M. Turing Award 图灵奖

https://amturing.acm.org/

The A.M. Turing Award, the ACM's most prestigious technical award, is given for major contributions of lasting importance to computing.

A.M.图灵奖是ACM最负盛名的技术奖项，用于表彰对计算具有持久重要性的重大贡献。

The A.M. Turing Award, sometimes referred to as the "Nobel Prize of Computing," was named in honor of Alan Mathison Turing (1912–1954), a British mathematician and computer scientist. He made fundamental advances in computer architecture, algorithms, formalization of computing, and artificial intelligence. Turing was also instrumental in British code-breaking work during World War II.

A.M.图灵奖，有时被称为“诺贝尔计算奖”（ “计算机界的诺贝尔奖”），是为了纪念英国数学家和计算机科学家 Alan Mathison Turing（1912-1954）而设立的。他在计算机体系结构、算法、计算形式化和人工智能方面取得了根本性进展。图灵在第二次世界大战期间也在英国的密码破译工作中发挥了重要作用。

CHRONOLOGICAL LISTING OF A.M. TURING AWARD WINNERS 按获奖年份的图灵奖获奖者名单

https://amturing.acm.org/byyear.cfm

从 1966年开始颁发。到2023年，颁奖 58 次，共计 77 位图灵奖得主。

抱歉，但愿我没有数错。

二、按照研究的内容查找图灵奖得主

SELECT A RESEARCH SUBJECT: 选择一个研究主题：

https://amturing.acm.org/bysubject.cfm

Analysis of Algorithms

Artificial Intelligence

Combinatorial Algorithms

Compilers

Computational Complexity

Computer Architecture

Computer Hardware

Cryptography

Data Structures

Databases

Education

Error Correcting Codes

Finite Automata

Graphics

Interactive Computing

Internet Communications

List Processing

Numerical Analysis

Numerical Methods

Object Oriented Programming

Operating Systems

Personal Computing

Program Verification

Programming

Programming Languages

Proof Construction

Software

Theory

Software Engineering

Verification of Hardware and Software Models

Computer Systems

Machine Learning

Parallel Computation

三、图灵的一些照片

Alan Mathison Turing amt-k-7-02.jpg

图5 图灵 5岁时，amt-k-7-02.jpg

https://www.kings.cam.ac.uk/sites/default/files/images/amt-k-7-02.jpg

https://www.kings.cam.ac.uk/archive-centre/online-resources/online-exhibitions/alan-mathison-turing-1912-54

图6 图灵大约 16岁时，Alan-Turing-796x1024.png

https://24gay.fr/wp-content/uploads/2014/06/Alan-Turing-796x1024.png

https://www.kings.cam.ac.uk/archive-centre/online-resources/online-exhibitions/alan-mathison-turing-1912-54

参考资料：

[1] A.M. Turing Award, Association for Computing Machinery

https://amturing.acm.org/

[2] 图灵奖，计算机领域的国际最高奖项，百度百科

https://baike.baidu.com/item/%E5%9B%BE%E7%81%B5%E5%A5%96?fromModule=lemma_search-box

[3] Alan Turing, British mathematician and logician, britannica

https://www.britannica.com/biography/Alan-Turing/Computer-designer

[4] Alan Mathison Turing, MacTutor History of Mathematics archive

https://mathshistory.st-andrews.ac.uk/Biographies/Turing/

[5] Alan Mathison Turing (1912-54), King's College, Cambridge

https://www.kings.cam.ac.uk/archive-centre/online-resources/online-exhibitions/alan-mathison-turing-1912-54

推荐阅读：

[1] The Nobel Prize, The Nobel Foundation

https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/

[2] The Millennium Prize Problems, Clay Mathematics Institute

https://www.claymath.org/millennium-problems/

[2-2] Arthur Jaffe, 薛博卿译. 千禧年大奖难题之始与未终[J]. 数学文化, 2020, 11(4): 65-74.

https://www.global-sci.org/intro/article_detail/mc/18380.html

https://www.global-sci.org/intro/articles_list/mc/2043.html

[3] The Abel Prize, The Norwegian Academy of Science and Letters

https://abelprize.no/

https://abelprize.no/page/about-abel-prize

The Abel Prize – International Prize of Mathematics – Awarded yearly

The Abel Prize is named after Niels Henrik Abel, Norway’s greatest mathematician throughout the times. Abel left lasting marks on the mathematical world. His mathematics have served as a base for a number of major technological breakthroughs, there amongst the development of the internet. The Abel Prize was established by the Norwegian Parliament (The Storting) in 2002, on the occasion the 200-year anniversary of his birth.

阿贝尔奖-国际数学奖-每年颁发

阿贝尔奖以挪威历史上最伟大的数学家尼尔斯·亨里克·阿贝尔的名字命名。阿贝尔在数学界留下了不可磨灭的印记。他的数学为互联网的发展提供了许多重大技术突破的基础。阿贝尔奖由挪威议会（挪威议会）于2002年在他诞辰200周年之际设立。

[4] SCIENCE, 2005-01-07, Special Issue 125th Anniversary, 01 JULY 2005, VOL 309, ISSUE 5731

https://science.sciencemag.org/content/309/5731

[4-2] In Praise of Hard Questions

https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/science.309.5731.76

https://www.science.org/toc/science/309/5731

[4-3] 125

https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/science.1115951

Although tempted to review the 25 years of progress since 1980, my colleagues and I went with Fred instead and decided to contemplate the future, this time by posing 25 “Big Questions” along with 100 smaller ones. The choice reflects our belief that questions are more important than answers in shaping the future of science.

尽管我很想回顾自1980年以来的25年进展，但我和我的同事们还是和弗雷德一起决定思考未来，这次提出了25个“大问题”和100个小问题。这一选择反映了我们的信念，即在塑造科学的未来方面，问题比答案更重要。

[4-4] 2019-05-17，《Science 125个前沿问题解读》一书即将出版 |《科学通报》

https://blog.sciencenet.cn/blog-528739-1179598.html

[4-5] 2017-01-22，Science125个科学前沿问题系列解读2016年度汇总|《科学通报》

https://blog.sciencenet.cn/blog-528739-1029192.html

[4-6] 2016-03-18，Science 125个科学前沿问题系列解读 |《科学通报》

https://blog.sciencenet.cn/blog-528739-963412.html

[5] 等你求解！上海交大携手《科学》杂志向全球发布125个科学问题, 2021-04-11, 上海交通大学

https://news.sjtu.edu.cn/mtjj/20210412/145693.html

[5-2] SCIENCE, 2021-04-11, 125 questions: Exploration and discovery, In honor of Shanghai Jiao Tong University’s 125th Anniversary

https://www.sciencemag.org/collections/125-questions-exploration-and-discovery

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