基础研究是科技创新的源头。很多“卡脖子”技术问题，根子是基础理论研究跟不上，源头和底层的东西没有搞清楚。

[打听] 牛顿为什么要退出皇家学会？

牛顿，Sir Isaac Newton PRS FRS, 1643-01-04 ~ 1721-03-31

https://makingscience.royalsociety.org/s/rs/people/fst01801333

   1673年31岁的牛顿（Isaac Newton）为什么要退出英国皇家学会（The Royal Society）？

求权威的出处。感谢！

[1]（英）伊萨克·牛顿著. 论宇宙的体系[M]. 2017 page 120

[2] 布莱恩·克莱格. 十大物理学家[M]. 2017 page 35

[3] 布莱恩·克莱格. 十大物理学家[M]. 2017 page 38，39

牛顿在剑桥大学工作在象牙塔里。羡慕啊！

[4] （英）G.R.埃文斯著. 剑桥大学新史[M]. 2017 page 238，239

非宁静无以致远。

不仅诸葛亮，连牛顿、高斯也要“宁静”啊！

感谢上面书的原作者、翻译者等相关人员！

参考资料：

[1] 牛顿(艾萨克·牛顿) - 百度百科

https://baike.baidu.com/item/%E8%89%BE%E8%90%A8%E5%85%8B%C2%B7%E7%89%9B%E9%A1%BF/1119240?fromtitle=%E7%89%9B%E9%A1%BF&fromid=5463

[2] 百家号，詹姆斯·格雷克，2021-12-07，《牛顿传》：走下神坛的牛顿，天才背后其实是个有点小脾气的宅男

https://baijiahao.baidu.com/s?id=1718501785024689694&wfr=spider&for=pc

   当选皇家学会会员15个月后，牛顿宣布希望退出，不仅要退出皇家学会，还要退出所有的信函交流。奥尔登堡恳求牛顿重新考虑，暗示牛顿不必再感到非交会费不可，并向牛顿保证皇家学会对他又敬又爱，对牛顿的批评如此委婉温和、如此平平无奇，尽管其中或许存在“不当之处”。

[3] 知乎，2019-05-30，皇家铸币局局长牛顿和他的金苹果

https://zhuanlan.zhihu.com/p/67504156

   牛顿在他那个时代，是科学界无人能够逾越的高峰。他27岁的时候就被任命为剑桥大学最古老的学院之一----三一学院的首席教授。44岁的时候，牛顿发表了不朽的名著《自然哲学之数学原理》，作为自己的生日礼物。但是，牛顿在剑桥大学的日子却过得并不舒畅。每一个曾经在知识分子扎堆的地方呆过的人，都有机会体验这种一地鸡毛的无奈生活。牛顿生性羞怯内向，作为一个虔诚的清教徒，他显然缺乏足够的幽默感。和同行的学术讨论中不可避免的掺杂着个人恩怨，这让牛顿感到无比沮丧，甚至一度想退出皇家学会。听他讲课的学生越来越少，和他讨论问题的同行越来越少。到1693年夏天，牛顿已经很少和外人交往，他独自过着深居简出的日子，饮食和睡眠状况日益恶化。

[4] Isaac Newton, Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy

https://plato.stanford.edu/entries/newton/

   Over the course of the next fifteen years as Lucasian Professor Newton presented his lectures and carried on research in a variety of areas. By 1671 he had completed most of a treatise length account of the calculus,[2] which he then found no one would publish. This failure appears to have diverted his interest in mathematics away from the calculus for some time, for the mathematical lectures he registered during this period mostly concern algebra. (During the early 1680s he undertook a critical review of classical texts in geometry, a review that reduced his view of the importance of symbolic mathematics.) His lectures from 1670 to 1672 concerned optics, with a large range of experiments presented in detail. Newton went public with his work in optics in early 1672, submitting material that was read before the Royal Society and then published in the Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society. This led to four years of exchanges with various figures who challenged his claims, including both Robert Hooke and Christiaan Huygens — exchanges that at times exasperated Newton to the point that he chose to withdraw from further public exchanges in natural philosophy. Before he largely isolated himself in the late 1670s, however, he had also engaged in a series of sometimes long exchanges in the mid 1670s, most notably with John Collins (who had a copy of “De Analysi”) and Leibniz, concerning his work on the calculus. So, though they remained unpublished, Newton's advances in mathematics scarcely remained a secret.

[5] Isaac Newton, The Royal Society

https://makingscience.royalsociety.org/s/rs/people/fst01801333

[6] Isaac Newton - Encyclopedia Britannica

https://www.britannica.com/biography/Isaac-Newton

相关链接：

[1] 2022-03-04，[求助] 伽利略 Galileo “科学的真理不应该在古代……”的出处

https://blog.sciencenet.cn/blog-107667-1328020.html

[2] 2022-03-03，[求助] 普朗克 Planck “取决于人类认识能力的局限性”的出处

https://blog.sciencenet.cn/blog-107667-1327900.html

[3] 2009-02-23，怎么翻译爱因斯坦谈科学起源

https://blog.sciencenet.cn/blog-107667-216696.html

[4] 2020-08-06，[求助] Theodore von Karman（冯·卡门）1963年一句话的翻译

https://blog.sciencenet.cn/blog-107667-1245224.html

[5] 2015-03-30，[求助] 哥德尔（Kurt Gödel ）一句话的英文原文

https://blog.sciencenet.cn/blog-107667-878552.html

[6] 2020-11-16，[求证] 牛顿“没有大胆猜测，就没有重大发现”的出处（附录：爱因斯坦谈想象力）

https://blog.sciencenet.cn/blog-107667-1258598.html

   “没有大胆猜测，就没有重大发现。No great discovery was ever made without a bold guess.”

[7] 2020-08-01，[历史] 艾萨克·牛顿斗不过“同行评议”！

https://blog.sciencenet.cn/blog-107667-1244556.html

[8] 2021-08-29，[讨论] 牛顿：让做不出原始创新者去评议他人的原始创新，结果是什么？

https://blog.sciencenet.cn/blog-107667-1301927.html

[9] 2020-08-03，[讨论] 假如胡克先生长命百岁，牛顿会……？

http://blog.sciencenet.cn/blog-107667-1244826.html

[10] 2019-12-02，[随笔] 科技“同行评议”引发美国《大停滞》？

http://blog.sciencenet.cn/blog-107667-1208480.html

[11] 2022-02-24，[推荐好文] 《李侠：激励机制与评价问题决定基础研究的未来》

https://blog.sciencenet.cn/blog-107667-1326852.html

   高斯从不伦瑞克-沃尔芬比特尔公爵那里获得津贴，After receiving a stipend from the Duke of Brunswick- Wolfenbüttel, Gauss

推荐阅读：

[1] 李侠，2022-02-24，激励机制与评价问题决定基础研究的未来 精选

https://blog.sciencenet.cn/blog-829-1326756.html

   在基础研究中设立研究特区。尤其是在0~0.5阶段的基础研究，利用政策工具稳定核心人才队伍、稳定基本投入，超长周期评估，这部分的投入要完全基于无功利性目的来运作，甚至抱着颗粒无收的决心，这是国家为获得新知识、新思想必须付出的代价。

   毕竟从功利主义评价模式向理想主义评价模式的转变是一种彻底的认知转变，也是灵魂拷问，

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