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[求助] 万有引力定律不是牛顿发现的?
刘全稳老师2013-05-17博文《万有引力可以质疑》http://blog.sciencenet.cn/blog-630142-690777.html
里说:
对牛顿发现“万有引力”的质疑声其实一直都是存在的。这些质疑可以归为五类:一类是引力发现的优先权问题,认为是胡克首先发现了引力问题;二类是不接受万有引力的定义,认为不是任何两个带质量的物体都有万有引力的存在;三类是日蚀观测发现了重力变小、深井观测发现了重力变大的严重违背引力定义的现象;四类是美国航空航天局星际探索航天器的轨道运行出现了与万有引力相左的现象问题。不过这四类质疑都围绕一个共同的目标——“万有引力”是牛顿发明的;本文作者的质疑属于第五类——万有引力不是力且是后人强加给牛顿的。
在开普勒行星运行磁性引力的启发下,1645年法国天文学家布里阿德(I. Bulliadus)提出了一个重要的假设:“开普勒力与离太阳的距离的平方成反比”。
Ismaël Bullialdus(1605-09-28 ~ 1694-11-25,89)
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isma%C3%ABl_Bullialdus
Ismael Bullialdus' most famous work is Astronomia Philolaica. Published in 1645, the book is considered by some modern-day historians of science to be the most important book in astronomy between Kepler and Newton.[citation needed] The book widened the awareness of Kepler's planetary ellipses, however, whereas Kepler used a physical cause to explain planetary motion, and called on math and science to support his theory, Bullialdus offered an entirely new cosmology, the "Conical Hypothesis".[4]
木兰花慢·可怜今夕月
宋代:辛弃疾(1140年5月28日-1207年10月3日)
中秋饮酒将旦,客谓前人诗词有赋待月无送月者,因用《天问》体赋。
可怜今夕月,向何处,去悠悠?是别有人间,那边才见,光影东头?是天外。空汗漫,但长风浩浩送中秋?飞镜无根谁系?姮娥不嫁谁留?
谓经海底问无由,恍惚使人愁。怕万里长鲸,纵横触破,玉殿琼楼。虾蟆故堪浴水,问云何玉兔解沉浮?若道都齐无恙,云何渐渐如钩?
辛弃疾问:“飞镜无根谁系?”月亮没有生根,谁用绳子系住了它?答案是地球的吸引力。可惜,辛弃疾没有深究,当然,客观条件不允许,深究也没用,牛顿还比他晚了好几百年呢。https://guoxue.ifeng.com/a/20151209/46588489_0.shtml
《印度官员:不是牛顿最早发现万有引力 是印度数学家》
http://www.takefoto.cn/viewnews-1377004.html
据《印度时报》2018年1月10日报道,向来发表有争议性言论而著称的拉贾斯坦邦教育部长瓦苏德夫?德夫纳尼声称,印度数学家和天文学家婆罗摩笈多二世(Brahmagupta-II,598-670)首先发现了万有引力定律,这比牛顿(1642-1727)发现的时间早了一千多年。
印度一些历史学家们还通过提供包括硬币、文本和手稿在内的证据,来表达对这一观点的支持。拉贾斯坦邦大学历史学院院长夏尔马(K G Sharma)从婆罗摩笈多的著作《婆罗摩历算书》中援引了一首梵文诗来证明该声明:“一个物体落向地球,因为吸引物体是地球的本性,就像水的本性是流动一样。”他认为这个说法表明婆罗摩笈多对重力的理解。夏尔马还表示,在此之后有另一个印度天文学家巴斯卡拉二世(1114-1185)在1150年出版的著作《苏利亚历》中也对重力进行了详细阐述。
相关链接:
[1] 刘全稳,2013-05-17,万有引力可以质疑
http://blog.sciencenet.cn/blog-630142-690777.html
[2] 刘全稳,2013-05-13,万有引力可以质疑吗
http://blog.sciencenet.cn/blog-630142-689559.html
[3] Ismaël Bullialdus, From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isma%C3%ABl_Bullialdus
[4] Gravitational wave, From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gravitational_wave
The possibility of gravitational waves was discussed in 1893 by Oliver Heaviside using the analogy between the inverse-square law in gravitation and electricity.[27] In 1905, Henri Poincaré proposed gravitational waves, emanating from a body and propagating at the speed of light, as being required by the Lorentz transformations[28] and suggested that, in analogy to an accelerating electrical charge producing electromagnetic waves, accelerated masses in a relativistic field theory of gravity should produce gravitational waves.[29][30] When Einstein published his general theory of relativity in 1915, he was skeptical of Poincaré's idea since the theory implied there were no "gravitational dipoles".
[5] Oliver Heaviside, From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oliver_Heaviside
The possibility of gravitational waves was also discussed by Heaviside using the analogy between the inverse-square law in gravitation and electricity [28].
[6] Heaviside O. A gravitational and electromagnetic analogy,Electromagnetic Theory, 1893, vol.1 455–466 Appendix B
[7] Gravitoelectromagnetism, From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gravitoelectromagnetism
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