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科技论文中常出现被误用或混淆的词汇,需要我们平时加强学习和积累。
1. via
Via源自拉丁词,英文解释:traveling through a place to a destination,表达了一种中间状态或阶段。使用正确的例子,如“…proceed from an alcohol to an acid via aldehyde”, “…the reviewer may return your manuscript to you for correction via the editor”。论文中常出现“…the carbon foam was produced via chemical vapor deposition (制备方法)”, 而准确和简洁的用词应是“by”: “…the carbon foam was produced by chemical vapor deposition” 或“using” ,e.g.“…the carbon foam was produced using chemical vapor deposition”; “…activated carbons were synthesized using a simple, low-cost carbonization… ”。
2. composite 和 hybrid
A composite material 一种复合材料是由基体matrix和填料filler组成,通常表述为filler/matrix,不能表述为matrix/filler或filler-matrix。填料常用于提升基体的某种性能(如加入碳管以提升聚合物的导电性),有时是基体在…位置上固定填料(如the fibers in carbon/carbon composites)。
A hybrid material一种杂化材料可能是2种不同材料A和B组成,利用了这2种材料的性能,通常表述为A-B,而不用A/B。例如“graphene-MnO2 hybrid”。“hybrid composite”不建议使用;“hybrid-filler composite”则正确,如”nano-filler composite”。
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