博文
怎样做一个好报告
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写了一篇“德国某大学的workshop见闻与感触”的博文，本来很好的素材，被我写成那样，没人感兴趣，可见我写东西的水平有多烂了。
无论如何，还是贴上我们这个小组讨论之后达成的共识，欢迎大家拍砖。
What makes a good presentation?
Apologize before starting the presentation or not?
Depends on what you think you need to apologize for – for health issues that impair your talk (cough, voice problem, broken leg which forces you to sit down etc.), yes, possibly. But not for something that has to do about what you present (your work).
Components of a good presentation:
1) What the group agreed on
- state your hypothesis/research question
- explain your methods and why you use them (what’s new?)
- results and conclusion
- outlook
Additions/Discussions by everyone:
- thank you and acknowledgements at the end/last slide
- we disagree on the outlook - not in a 10-12 min conference presentation as it takes too much time and takes away attention from the important conclusions
2) What the group did not agree on:
- List of Contents
- Review of state of research
- References
- Be honest and state and discuss problems in your study
Discussion and additions by everyone
- NO, no list of contents in a 10-15min presentation! – it is not necessary and boring and time-consuming, since the structure is pretty clear anyway (Intro/Problem/Objective/Methods/Results/Conclusions) and the same for about 95% of all presentations.
- Review of previous work/literature is necessary but should be very short – only just enough to clarify the research gap and niche of your research
- References?
oWithin presentation - yes, if directly used from a publication (e.g. equation, model, graph). Use shortcut (Weiler et al. 2003, WRR) and possibly put at bottom of slide.
oThis is also a good way to show your own work with a couple of self-citations
oFull references on the last slide are not necessary but may be a good option if the presentation is put online by the conference organizers. DO NOT read/present this slide in detail. Just leave it up for people during the discussion.
- Be honest: of course be honest – otherwise you will be in trouble later
- But focus your conference presentation on the successful part of your study. You should state initial assumptions you made (e.g. special range of cases, simplifications) and mention caveats that limit the applicability and validity. But this should not be the largest part of your presentation and should not be the part people remember most.
- So in summary, honest about problems, yes, but don’t loose your credibility by dwelling on loads of problems – if this is all you can show then you shouldn’t be presenting the study as it is not ‘ready’ yet.
3) Structure/Style etc
Start/Speech etc.
- Introduce yourself? – yes, if session chairman doesn’t, but really he or she should do this. Also you may want to introduce yourself if your name is mispronounced or you may want to introduce your co-authors. Possibly mention the framework (e.g. an EU project) – but preferably this should be in the acknowledgements on the last slide
- Speak slowly, clearly cheery – yes, but not too slow and sleepy
- turn to audience – yes, but whether you look at individuals or just in the room is a matter of preference
- speak freely/do not read from slides – yes, but don’t say something different than the slide shows. Use the same words as people read slides (esp. for bullet points and for objectives) but elaborate further.
Style of slides
- Only really relevant details (e.g. equation, animations, etc.)
oequation – only if you spend time on it, if it’s special (new), and state all symbols’ meanings.
oAnimations are nice, but careful: not too many and really make sure they work. The only safe platform/system independent animations are animated gifs – any kind of movie file is tricky.
- Graphs/Figures in high resolution. High enough but not too high (big file). No line graphs (e.g. .wmf) as they may be problematic on different computers; rather use compressed pixel based graphic formats (e.g. gif, png, etc.) but with high enough resolution. Trick Markus suggested: make a screenshot of the graph you want to include in ppt. Make it with the graph covering your big office screen, which guarantees the right resolution and relative small files.
- Background – preferably white (best for printing too) or light color, but certainly no busy picture such as the Microsoft water drops.
- Suggestion: possibly add comments to figures (e.g. arrows with text and circles) to guide you through the explanation. Explain axes and legend.
- Use large font preferably a sans serif type (such as Arial), but certainly not an artistic type (such as Comic or so)
- As little information as possible on one slide, but as much as necessary
- More than one graph? Depends – one is best, but if you want to compare, then, yes two or several graphs on one slide is better than going back and forth between slides
Other issues
Body language – stand straight, hand on side. Perhaps video-tape yourself some time to watch yourself.
MOST IMPORTANT: keep the time!!!!! Nothing is more annoying than a presenter spending more time as scheduled – it will mess up the entire session and people will remember.
https://blog.sciencenet.cn/blog-440749-333816.html
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