第二军医大学放射医学教研室是国际上最早开展氢气辐射防护研究的科研机构，自2009年以来，先后获得国家自然科学基金3项，发表相关SCI论文10余篇。最近钱李仁等写的综述，是对这一领域的很好的总结，也进一步奠定该小组在国际上的地位和影响。该综述发表在Int J Biol Sci 2013;9(9):887-894.

众所周知，大多数电离放射线损伤可引起的羟基自由基增加。氢分子（H2）具有抗氧化活性，可选择性中和羟基自由基和过氧亚硝基阴离子。学者们先后用在体和离体实验证明了氢气对各类器官辐射损伤的保护作用。由于宇宙和周围环境的辐射无处不在，人类和各种生物随时遭受各类辐射的作用，当辐射强度过大时，例如进行X线摄影、航空飞行或高辐射天然和人工环境下曝露，都可能导致辐射损伤，短期大强度或长期小剂量辐射可以导致辐射损伤和基因突变，不仅可以导致直接辐射损伤，也可以导致肿瘤发生。而辐射损伤最明确的原因是各类射线引起的自由基增加，自由基增加导致的炎症和氧化损伤。因此，辐射防护最常见的策略就是采用对抗自由基损伤。放射医学也是最早开展自由基和健康相关关系研究的学科，为自由基生物学奠定了重要基础。

日本和韩国学者开展的一项随机、安慰剂对照临床研究表明，氢水可以有效对抗恶性肿瘤反射治疗引起的氧化应激，同时不影响的反射治疗肿瘤的效应。这些令人鼓舞的结果表明，氢气代表一个辐射引起的氧化损伤新的潜在预防手段。胆识由于氢气本身存在爆炸性风险。因此，利用氢气饱和水，如生理盐水、饮用水等手段更加方便日常应用。本文针对氢气在辐射损伤领域的研究进行系统综述。

全文地址：http://www.ijbs.com/v09p0887.htm

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