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贺飞 北京大学
近年来,文献计量学和引文分析方法越来越多的被应用于科研绩效评价中。一般来说,没有任何一个单一的文献计量学指标能全面的评价科研绩效。通常会选取一组一组恰当的文献计量学指标,更加全面,视野更为开阔地多角度深入挖掘数据内涵。本博主从今天开始,将选取一组特定的文献计量指标(预计10来个指标),将美国新闻与世界报道2014年世界大学排名前20名的大学同北京大学(39)和清华大学(67)两所学校进行比较。相关文献计量学指标和数据来自汤森路透新一代研究分析平台incites。数据检索时间为2015年6月10日。
本博主在之前博文《数据看北大清华同世界一流大学的差距(1)》中介绍了3个指标:论文总数、总引用数、篇均引用数。在《数据看北大清华同世界一流大学的差距(2)》中介绍了1个指标:学科规范化引文影响力(Category Normalized Citation Impact)。今天这篇博文介绍两个指标:国际合作论文数以及国际合作论文占比。
所谓国际合作论文(International Collaboration)是指包含一位或多位国际共同作者的论文。国际合作论文百分比(% of International Collaborations)是某论文集(如上描述)中,国际合作论文的数量除以该论文集的论文总数的数值,以百分数的形式表现。国际合作论文百分比指标体现了机构或科研工作者吸引国际合作的能力。
1 各校的国际合作论文数
年 | 2005 | 2006 | 2007 | 2008 | 2009 | 2010 | 2011 | 2012 | 2013 | 2014 |
哈佛 | 4078 | 4621 | 5115 | 5644 | 6187 | 6823 | 7912 | 8707 | 9100 | 8720 |
MIT | 1412 | 1576 | 1597 | 1761 | 1922 | 2191 | 2506 | 2739 | 2971 | 2919 |
伯克利 | 1822 | 1735 | 1870 | 2107 | 2486 | 2793 | 2929 | 3292 | 3311 | 3068 |
斯坦福 | 1500 | 1659 | 1927 | 2065 | 2259 | 2378 | 2680 | 2915 | 3177 | 3055 |
牛津 | 2601 | 2877 | 3106 | 3536 | 3760 | 4241 | 4663 | 5066 | 5505 | 4872 |
剑桥 | 2566 | 2640 | 2841 | 3125 | 3398 | 3671 | 4246 | 4702 | 4735 | 4422 |
加州理工 | 1076 | 1176 | 1238 | 1264 | 1405 | 1613 | 1746 | 1833 | 1858 | 1659 |
UCLA | 1718 | 1849 | 2018 | 2160 | 2289 | 2493 | 2684 | 2918 | 3055 | 2711 |
芝加哥 | 1385 | 1376 | 1654 | 1635 | 1805 | 1825 | 2041 | 2312 | 2523 | 2247 |
哥伦比亚 | 1283 | 1439 | 1780 | 1825 | 2053 | 2158 | 2426 | 2696 | 2934 | 2788 |
霍普金斯 | 1682 | 1946 | 2171 | 2294 | 2407 | 2694 | 3018 | 3216 | 3491 | 3360 |
帝国理工 | 2337 | 2466 | 2621 | 2852 | 3065 | 3470 | 3728 | 3861 | 4248 | 3997 |
普林斯顿 | 892 | 878 | 999 | 938 | 1009 | 1023 | 1312 | 1426 | 1553 | 1282 |
密执根 | 1397 | 1625 | 1678 | 1936 | 2268 | 2369 | 2575 | 2976 | 3019 | 2821 |
多伦多 | 3092 | 3288 | 3567 | 4044 | 4321 | 4883 | 5205 | 5427 | 5793 | 5526 |
华盛顿 | 1521 | 1600 | 1771 | 1859 | 1946 | 2234 | 2515 | 2803 | 2848 | 2804 |
耶鲁 | 1188 | 1312 | 1437 | 1516 | 1640 | 1749 | 2058 | 2365 | 2426 | 2335 |
圣迭戈 | 1393 | 1552 | 1633 | 1770 | 1883 | 2112 | 2341 | 2494 | 2748 | 2477 |
PENN | 1286 | 1328 | 1497 | 1611 | 1790 | 1885 | 2196 | 2358 | 2498 | 2305 |
杜克 | 1009 | 1096 | 1222 | 1314 | 1505 | 1641 | 1937 | 2217 | 2255 | 2149 |
北大 | 839 | 938 | 1059 | 1283 | 1534 | 1745 | 1937 | 2222 | 2570 | 2339 |
清华 | 719 | 860 | 828 | 949 | 1136 | 1262 | 1551 | 1799 | 2176 | 2132 |
2 各校国际合作论文占比
年 | 2005 | 2006 | 2007 | 2008 | 2009 | 2010 | 2011 | 2012 | 2013 | 2014 |
哈佛 | 31.50% | 32.69% | 34.75% | 34.93% | 36.56% | 38.20% | 40.73% | 42.92% | 44.08% | 45.56% |
MIT | 34.39% | 36.16% | 35.96% | 38.08% | 39.88% | 42.26% | 42.57% | 46.23% | 47.74% | 51.09% |
伯克利 | 34.41% | 32.61% | 34.38% | 36.73% | 38.94% | 42.47% | 42.21% | 45.05% | 45.94% | 47.12% |
斯坦福 | 28.02% | 29.56% | 32.16% | 32.97% | 33.98% | 34.18% | 36.19% | 37.84% | 39.30% | 41.37% |
牛津 | 48.38% | 49.65% | 50.52% | 53.32% | 52.78% | 55.60% | 56.23% | 58.21% | 57.82% | 61.13% |
剑桥 | 46.53% | 45.36% | 46.70% | 49.16% | 50.27% | 52.96% | 56.34% | 57.17% | 57.60% | 60.70% |
加州理工 | 41.05% | 42.06% | 42.51% | 46.40% | 47.84% | 53.22% | 54.51% | 55.41% | 56.47% | 55.50% |
UCLA | 28.32% | 29.09% | 30.85% | 31.36% | 31.43% | 33.29% | 35.33% | 37.71% | 39.33% | 38.81% |
芝加哥 | 33.21% | 31.91% | 35.35% | 35.15% | 36.66% | 34.96% | 37.34% | 40.23% | 42.20% | 43.38% |
哥伦比亚 | 26.73% | 27.39% | 32.31% | 31.56% | 33.45% | 34.78% | 35.68% | 37.80% | 39.39% | 42.12% |
霍普金斯 | 28.74% | 31.05% | 33.46% | 32.89% | 35.06% | 35.81% | 37.19% | 37.81% | 39.77% | 40.91% |
帝国理工 | 47.70% | 48.51% | 51.29% | 52.37% | 54.24% | 56.96% | 57.46% | 59.24% | 61.16% | 63.57% |
普林斯顿 | 37.54% | 35.79% | 39.56% | 36.38% | 36.97% | 36.94% | 43.30% | 45.46% | 47.84% | 46.98% |
密执根 | 23.82% | 25.35% | 25.21% | 26.95% | 28.48% | 29.73% | 30.61% | 34.01% | 32.96% | 34.32% |
多伦多 | 43.51% | 42.56% | 44.40% | 45.73% | 46.32% | 48.25% | 48.99% | 49.87% | 51.03% | 53.89% |
华盛顿 | 26.38% | 26.54% | 28.59% | 28.39% | 29.14% | 31.87% | 33.54% | 35.70% | 35.29% | 37.76% |
耶鲁 | 28.74% | 29.93% | 32.04% | 31.62% | 32.04% | 33.72% | 35.11% | 38.52% | 38.78% | 40.86% |
圣迭戈 | 31.57% | 33.07% | 33.06% | 34.72% | 34.57% | 36.16% | 38.67% | 39.94% | 41.93% | 43.12% |
PENN | 22.83% | 22.94% | 25.65% | 25.71% | 27.23% | 27.70% | 29.05% | 31.20% | 31.85% | 32.10% |
杜克 | 25.81% | 25.66% | 27.10% | 27.30% | 29.95% | 30.71% | 33.21% | 36.62% | 36.96% | 38.54% |
北大 | 29.97% | 31.52% | 32.53% | 35.05% | 35.67% | 37.78% | 38.42% | 38.36% | 38.44% | 37.16% |
清华 | 19.63% | 22.74% | 22.75% | 24.44% | 26.30% | 28.30% | 30.74% | 32.36% | 32.75% | 32.89% |
相关阅读:
1、数据看北大清华同世界一流大学的差距(1)
http://blog.sciencenet.cn/home.php?mod=space&uid=1015&do=blog&id=922382
1、数据看北大清华同世界一流大学的差距(2)
http://blog.sciencenet.cn/home.php?mod=space&uid=1015&do=blog&id=922533
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