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好的人工智能理念可应用于计算机辅助设计和教育

已有 2900 次阅读 2018-2-12 18:33 |个人分类:生活点滴|系统分类:人物纪事| 人工智能理念, 计算机辅助设计, 计算机辅助教育


杰拉德·杰伊·苏斯曼,认为人工智能理念可以应用于计算机辅助设计,由于对计算机科学教育的贡献,于1990年获得了ACM的Karl Karlstrom杰出教育家奖,并于1992年获得了Amar G. Bose奖。Sussman还是超级计算机工具包(Supercomputer Toolkit)的首席设计师,这是另一款为处理常微分方程系统而优化的多处理器计算机。 Sussman和Wisdom使用超级计算机工具包来确认和扩展Digital Orrery所做的发现,以包括整个行星系统。

  附录:

Gerald Jay Sussman is the Panasonic (formerly Matsushita) Professor of Electrical Engineering at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology.  He received the S.B. and the Ph.D. degrees in mathematics from the  Massachusetts Institute of Technology in 1968 and 1973, respectively.  He has been involved in artificial intelligence research at  M.I.T. since 1964.  His research has centered on understanding the  problem-solving strategies used by scientists and engineers, with the  goals of automating parts of the process and formalizing it to provide more effective methods of science and engineering education.  Sussman

has also worked in computer languages, in computer architecture and in VLSI design.


Sussman is a coauthor (with Hal Abelson and Julie Sussman) of the introductory computer science textbook used at M.I.T. for 23 years.  The textbook, ``Structure and Interpretation of Computer Programs,'' has been translated into French, German, Chinese, Polish, Japanese, and Korean.  As a result of this and other contributions to computer-science education, Sussman received the ACM's Karl Karlstrom Outstanding Educator Award in 1990, and the Amar G. Bose award for teaching in 1992.


Sussman's contributions to Artificial Intelligence include problem solving by debugging almost-right plans, propagation of constraints applied to electrical circuit analysis and synthesis, dependency-based explanation and dependency-based backtracking, and various language structures for expressing problem-solving strategies.  Sussman and his former student Guy L. Steele Jr. invented the Scheme programming language in 1975.


Sussman saw that Artificial Intelligence ideas can be applied to computer-aided design.  Sussman developed, with his graduate students, sophisticated computer-aided design tools for VLSI.  Steele made the first Scheme chips in 1978.  These ideas and the AI-based CAD technology to support them were further developed in the Scheme chips of 1979 and 1981.  The technique and experience developed was then used to design other special-purpose computers.  Sussman was the principal designer of the Digital Orrery, a machine designed to do high-precision integrations for orbital-mechanics experiments.  The Orrery was designed and built by a few people in a few months, using AI-based simulation and compilation tools.


Using the Digital Orrery, Sussman worked with Jack Wisdom to discover numerical evidence for chaotic motions in the outer planets.  The Digital Orrery is now retired at the Smithsonian Institution in Washington DC.  Sussman was also the lead designer of the Supercomputer Toolkit, another multiprocessor computer optimized for evolving systems of ordinary differential equations.  The Supercomputer Toolkit was used by Sussman and Wisdom to confirm and extend the discoveries made with the Digital Orrery to include the entire planetary system.


Sussman has pioneered the use of computational descriptions to communicate methodological ideas in teaching subjects in Electrical Circuits and in Signals and Systems. Over the past decades Sussman and Wisdom have developed a subject that uses computational techniques to communicate a deeper understanding of advanced Classical Mechanics. Computational algorithms are used to express the methods used in the analysis of dynamical phenomena. Expressing the methods in a computer language forces them to be unambiguous and computationally effective. Students are expected to read our programs and to extend them and to write new ones. The task of formulating a method as a computer-executable program and debugging that program is a powerful exercise in the learning process. Also, once formalized procedurally, a mathematical idea becomes a tool that can be used directly to compute results. Sussman and Wisdom have produced a textbook, ``Structure and Interpretation of Classical Mechanics,'' and a monograph, ``Functional Differential Geometry,'' to capture these ideas.  The textbook is now in a second edition.


Sussman has been involved in the engineering of both amateur and professional telescopes.  He redesigned and rebuilt the mirror-support system for the 2.4m Hiltner telescope on Kitt Peak, and he helped build and (with Julie Sussman) wrote the prototype software for the guider-probe controllers for the 6.5m Magellan telescopes on Las Campanas in Chile.


Sussman was involved with his former student Tom Knight in the founding of the field of Synthetic Biology, and he was a teacher in the first class of the IGEM (International Genetically Engineered Machine) competition.


Sussman is a life fellow of the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE).  He is a member of the National Academy of Engineering (NAE), a fellow of the American Association for Artificial Intelligence (AAAI), a fellow of the Association for Computing Machinery (ACM), a fellow of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences, and a fellow of the American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS).  He has been a bonded locksmith.  He is a life member of the American Watchmakers-Clockmakers Institute (AWCI), a member of the Massachusetts Watchmakers-ClockmakersAssociation, a member of the Amateur Telescope Makers of Boston (ATMOB), and a member of the American Radio Relay League (ARRL).

https://www.csail.mit.edu/person/gerald-sussman


http://www.eecs.mit.edu/people/faculty-advisors




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