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本文为美国陆军司令部和总参谋学院(作者:JAMES P. MEGER)的硕士论文,共92页。
无人机并不是一个新的概念。无人机的历史可以追溯到美国内战时期的热气球,目前,无人机已经发展成为现代战场上指挥官的重要作战工具。无人系统的需求增加,对有人战术航空和空域控制系统造成了相应的压力。
本文试图回答有关无人机数量增长及其对现有作战结构的影响问题。目前,无人机的能力范围很广,包括从大型全球鹰高空系统到手动发射的小型乌鸦。美国陆军向模块化概念的转变使每个师的无人机数量增加到大约300架。这种增加有可能使空域指挥和控制系统饱和,从而导致空中火力和识别敌方无人机的延迟。本文的分析强调了关键点,并得出结论:当前的空域结构可以支持无人机数量的增长,但由于所需协调的作战部队数量而导致时间延迟。在所有蓝方无人机都能被跟踪或对防空作出反应之前,防御威胁无人机的能力仍然是不确定的。
Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) are not newconcepts. Their history dates back to the Civil War with hot air balloons andhas evolved into a crucial combat tool for commanders in the modernbattlespace. The increased demand for unmanned systems has placed acorresponding strain on manned tactical aviation and the airspace controlsystem. This paper seeks to answer the questions surrounding the growth in thenumber of UAVs and their effects on the current structures in place. CurrentUAVs have a wide range of capabilities from the large Global Hawk high-altitudesystem to the handlaunched Raven. The US Army’s transformation to a modularconcept has increased the number of UAVs to approximately 300 per division.This increase has the potential to saturate the airspace command and controlsystems causing delays in the application of aerial delivered fires andidentifying hostile UAVs. The analysis highlights the critical points andconcludes the current airspace structure can support the growth in the numberof UAVs but with time delays caused by the amount of coordination required. Theability to defend against threat UAVs will remain doubtful until all blue UAVscan either be tracked or respond to air defense interrogations.
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