本文为UCL大学（作者：Charles Patrick Hugo Thomson）的博士论文，共267页。

与以往任何倡议相比，建筑信息建模都将自身确立为能够发生运营变化的过程，其驱动力是消除时间和价值的低效性，并要求改变从设计到施工到运营的整个生命周期的方法。BIM应提供一个通用的数字平台，允许不同的利益相关者提供和检索信息，从而通过加强决策减少浪费。通过为施工和管理目的提供测量和代表性的数字几何，其中测量在很大程度上是BIM的一部分。

考虑到所有与建筑相关的专业人员都必须考虑他们处理数据的方式，以适应BIM流程，因此地理测量师或土地测量师起着关键作用。三维激光扫描已被用作BIM几何捕获的主要测量技术，这一事实进一步证明了这一点。此外，它还得到了来自英国政府BIM任务组的激光扫描工作流的支持。

在此背景下，本论文研究了从现实世界中初始几何捕获到虚拟世界模型生成和存储的BIM三维建模，同时保持工作流和输出与BIM过程兼容。重点将放在用于捕获条件的工作流的关键部分：从点云创建几何图形。这一领域被认为是BIM流程中的瓶颈，而这些往往缺乏有效文档资料的帮助。自动化建模在商业上被认为是可取的，其目标是减少工作时间，从而降低成本，并使激光扫描成为生命周期中一系列任务的更可行方案。

Building Information Modelling has, more than any previous initiative, established itself as the process by which operational change can occur, driven by a desire to eradicate the inefficiencies in time and value and requiring a change of approach to the whole lifecycle of construction from design through construction to operation and eventual demolition. BIM should provide a common digital platform which allows different stakeholders to supply and retrieve information thereby reducing waste through enhanced decision making. Through the provision of measurement and representative digital geometry for construction and management purposes, surveying is very much a part of BIM. Given that all professions that are involved with construction have to consider the way in which they handle data to fit with the BIM process, it stands to reason that Geomatic or Land Surveyors play a key part. This is further encouraged by the fact that 3D laser scanning has been adopted as the primary measurement technique for geometry capture for BIM. Also it is supported by a laser scanning work stream from the UK Government backed BIM Task Group. Against this backdrop, the research in this thesis investigates the 3D modelling aspects of BIM, from initial geometry capture in the real world, to the generation and storage of the virtual world model, while keeping the workflow and outputs compatible with the BIM process. The focus will be made on a key part of the workflow for capturing as-built conditions: the geometry creation from point clouds. This area is considered a bottleneck in the BIM process for existing assets not helped by their often poor or non-existent documentation. Automated modelling is seen as desirable commercially with the goal of reducing time, and therefore cost, and making laser scanning a more viable proposition for a range of tasks in the lifecycle.

1 引言

2 项目背景

3 构建信息模型

4 案例研究：从点云手动创建BIM几何

5 改进几何数据的捕获

6 BIM几何重建的自动化

7 讨论

8 结论

附录I 测量数据的仪器

附录II RICS测量的详细精度范围

附录III Plowman Craven的BIM测量规范

附录IV IFC文件

附录V 代码设计 

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