THE ELIMINATION OF AUTISTIC SELF-STIMULATORY BEHAVIOR BY OVERCORRECTION1

R. M. Foxx AND N. H. AZRINANNA STATE HOSPITAL

自我刺激行為有哪些

repetive ,stereotyped behavior that has no apparent functional effects on the environment ,examples of which are rocking ,hand-waving ,and head-waving,mouthing or rubbing parts of one's body,and mouthing or spinning objects.

the general rationale of the overcorrection procedure is (1)to overcorrection the environmental effects of an inappropriate act,and (2)to require the disruptor intensively to practise overly correct forms of relevant behavior.

吮手指，在手指上塗上嚐起來味道讓人討厭的東西（看來這個方法一直都在用）

punishment by a slap and reinforcement for non-self-stimulatory behavior are two procedure that have 

been used to decrease self-stimulatory behavior .簡單粗暴快捷的方法，直接，年紀越小越管用，不能常用，必須要時機恰當，來那麼幾次就夠了（會有副作用）

個案1：8歲，會把東西拿起來放嘴裡，如果東西台太重，會坐在或站在物體旁邊用嘴唇、嘴巴、舌頭去舔。

個案2:7歲，用嘴吃手     

針對個案1問題行為實施的干預：

(1)free reinforcement

(2)reinforcement for non-mouthing 比如10秒（20秒、30秒、1分鐘、2分鐘......）不出現問題行為即可給予強化

(3)punishment by a slap

(4)free reinforcement 

(5)overcorrection 

針對個案2問題行為實施的干預

(1)free reinforcement

(2)distasteful solution

(3)punishment by a slap

(4)reinforcement for non-mouthing 

(5)overcorrection 

準備一些玩具，一次出示一樣玩具，告訴孩子這是什麼玩具，指導孩子以合適的方式玩玩具

使用oral hygiene procedure

抬頭、低頭、把頭轉過來（哈哈哈）

把手舉過頭頂、把手向前伸直、把手放進口袋裡、把手放一起、把手放背後