Gene genealogies

Given a sample of GENES, the   relationships among them can be traced back in time to a common ancestral   gene. The genealogical pathways interconnecting the current sample to the   common ancestor constitute a GENE TREE or gene genealogy. A gene tree is the   pedigree of a set of genes and exists independently of potential mutations.   The only portion of a gene tree that can generally be estimated with genetic   data is that portion marked by the (potential) mutational events that define   the different ALLELES (Box 1). This lower resolution tree is the allele or   HAPLOTYPE tree. Gene genealogies are approximated by the estimation of   haplotype or allele trees. Given the abundance of methods available for   phylogenetic estimation1, which ones are most appropriate for estimating   haplotype trees? 

基因谱系

通过对基因样本的分析，可以发现它们之间的关系可以在时间上追溯到一个共同的祖先基因。将当前样本连接到共同祖先的系谱路径构成基因树或基因系谱。基因树是一组基因的谱系，它和基因之间潜在的突变关系没有联系。通常基因树唯一可以用遗传数据来估计的部分，由定义不同等位基因的（潜在）突变事件所标记（框1）。这种低分辨率树是等位基因树或单倍型树。基因谱系由单倍型或等位基因树的估计来模拟。考虑到系统发育估计方法的丰富性，哪种方法最适合估计单倍型树呢？