The Prevalence of Inappropriate Image Duplication in Biomedical Research Publications

http://mbio.asm.org/content/7/3/e00809-16.full

从1995至2014篇40个科学期刊上发表的论文共20621篇。总体而言，3.8%的发表论文包含有问题的图片，至少一半表现出故意故意操纵的特点。在过去十年中，有问题图像的论文的发生率显著上升。

鉴于此，澳大利亚学界有人撰文呼吁加强科研诚信管理：

Weakened code risks Australia’s reputation for research integrity

https://theconversation.com/weakened-code-risks-australias-reputation-for-research-integrity-98622