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不同的期刊对文献的引用有不同的要求,写作前应查看目标期刊的作者须知来了解如何引用文献,遵照“作者须知”中关于文献引用的所有细节。
如果同时引用多个文献,按时间顺序在文内和文后列出文献。如果文内引用采用姓名和年份的方式,则以时间顺序在文内列出多个文献,再以字母顺序在文后列出这些文献。如果文内引用采用文献号,则以数字顺序在文内和文后列出文献。不同的期刊因其风格差异可能有不同的引用规则。例如:如果目标期刊采用APA格式,“et al.”只在文章有6个或6个以上作者时才在文内使用。因此,一定要仔细查看目标期刊的作者须知和已发表的论文。
如果在文内引用会议摘要、会议论文集、个人通信或未发表的数据,应当以括号注明出版状态。以下是说明出版状态的一些范例用语:unpublished data;personal communication;manuscriptin preparation;manuscript submitted;manuscript in press;等等。
在句中正确的位置放置文献。
文献可以各种方式置于文中,但是必须具体有意义。大体来说,根据想强调的内容,文献可在引用的内容或作者姓名之后出现:科学还是科学家。例如:
l Starfishfertilization is species specific (17).
l Peterson(17) reported that starfishfertilization is species specific.
不要将文献放置在某项内容的中间或某项研究的概括信息之后,例如:“in a recent study”或“has been reported”之后。例如:
Ina current study (16), proteinsexpressed by the Epstein-Barr virus have been classified into three generalgroups according to their kinetics and synthesis requirements. 应修改为:In a current study, proteins expressed by theEpstein-Barr virus have been classified into three general groups according totheir kinetics and synthesis requirements (16).
文献并不一定要放置在句尾。为区分作者的研究和他人的研究,应将文献放在相应的研究成果后面,而不是整个研究后面。例如:
The Mo+PyF101 M-MuLV used in this study wasobtained from the supernatant of the 25-3 cell line confluently infected withthe virus (3). 应修改为:The Mo+PyF101 M-MuLY(3) used in this study was obtainedfrom the supernatant of the 25-3 cell line confluently infected with the virus.
此外,一个句子中不同内容点的文献需要放在适当的位置,而不是将所有文献一同放在句尾。例如:
Two methods of tailoring theadhesion properties of thermoset stamps exist: One approach is plasma-depositedfluorinated film and coating with a self-assembled monolayer (SAM) offluoroalkyltrichlorosilane; the other approach is using C4F8 as a feed gas to deposit Teflonlike antistickinglayer and form the SAM layer from the gas phase (3, 4). 应修改为:Two methods of tailoring the adhesion properties ofthermoset stamps exist: One approach is plasma-deposited fluorinated film andcoating with a self-assembled monolayer (SAM) of fluoroalkyltrichlorosilane(3); the other approach is using C4F8as a feed gas to deposit Teflon-like antisticking layers and from the SAM layerfrom the gas phase (4).
摘编自《科技写作与交流》(任胜利等译. 科学出版社, 2012年出版)
相关阅读:
《英语科技论文撰写与投稿》(2014年7月第二版第4次印刷):http://blog.sciencenet.cn/blog-38899-461483.html
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