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河道需水的“蒙大拿法”宜称为“泰能特”法——河道流量政策之父

已有 7202 次阅读 2012-4-24 16:06 |个人分类:水文科学|系统分类:科研笔记| 生态, 蒙大拿

  河道生态需水量计算方法中首屈一指的当属泰能特法(Tennant Methods)。然而它在各种中文文献中的名称通常翻译为“蒙大拿法”。比如,水利部2011年1月11日施行的《河湖生态需水评估导则(试行)》的表1《河流生态需水计算参考方法表》首行即为:“蒙大拿法(Tennant Methods)——水文学法”。我想读者肯定会犯嘀咕,中英文怎么挨不上呢?我也有这个疑问,其中肯定有一些奥妙。当然,也有文献采用“Montana法”的说法,表面上似乎一致了。
  今天(2012.4.24)看到网页http://www.instreamflowcouncil.org/flow2008/flow08-awards-DT.htm对于Tennant先生的介绍才恍然大悟:

  Don Tennant is one of the founding fathers of modern instream flow policy and science.

  In the early 1960s, Don began publishing his method and presenting it at regional and national workshops. Others familiar with his method initially called it the Montana Method. However by the late 60s, 70s and 80s, its popularity had increased and geographic scope of application spread throughout the world. The method was renamed the Tennant Method because of its expanded geographic application and to avoid confusion between the use of Don's method and other instream flow methods used in Montana and other locations where multiple methods were used.

  When Don initially began publishing and presenting on the Tennant Method, instream flow values, issues, and protection were just starting to gain attention. The 1970s and 1980s were an era when the bulk of formal instream flow legal protection mechanisms were initially enacted.

 

 

    《河流生命—为人类和自然管理水》(美国Sandra Postel等著,武会先译,黄河水利出版社,2005)一书将“Tennant”译作“坦内特”。书中介绍:1975年,他在《渔业》杂志上发表的一篇文章中写道:“河流中的水对生活在水生环境里经过无数年进化而形成的各种生命来说都至关重要,把河流中的最后一部分水抢走用于人类,从哲学上讲,也是一种对自然的犯罪。”



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