博文
1. 动物福利与3R原则
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3R原则与生物制品行业的未来
（2013中国生物制品年会 稿件）
武汉生物制品研究所有限责任公司 严家新 研究员
1. 动物福利与3R原则
印度国父甘地曾说：“看一个国家是否文明，就看这个国家的人民对待动物的态度”。
与西方发达国家相比，动物福利在中国目前还是一个较新的概念，存在一些争议。有相当一部分人还认为，动物保护是富人的游戏，需在达到一定的社会经济发展水平后才能提上议事日程。在中国的许多地区和领域，目前连人的福利都没有保障，哪能保障动物福利？
动物保护组织的人士则认为，必须抛弃那种以人的福利为前提来衡量动物福利的做法。尊重生命、善待动物、不虐待动物的理念直接源于一百多年来人类在道德、伦理方面的思考和进步，是精神文明建设的需要，是势不可挡的世界潮流。
中国生物制品行业的从业人员，在考虑动物实验与3R原则的关系时，也面临着与时俱进、主动转变观念、正确认识动物福利的问题，而不应当仅仅只是被动地考虑因违背3R原则可能会导致产品失去市场、从而影响本行业未来发展的问题。
https://blog.sciencenet.cn/blog-347754-710256.html
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[28]闁界喎鐣鹃懗锟�
- 娑旂喕顔忕亸鍡忊偓妯荒佺化濠勬倞鐠佽 鈧瑧袨娑撹 鈧ɑ膩缁﹪妫舵０妯虹暰闁插繐瀵叉径鍕倞閻炲棜顔戦垾娆愬灗閺勵垪鈧ǹ袙濡紕纭﹂悶鍡氼啈閳ユ瑦娲块崥鍫モ偓鍌欑昂閿涘奔绲炬潻娆愮壉閸欏牆銇婇梹鍨亰閸熸澘妫幋鏍с亰閹锋褰涙禍鍡愨偓鍌涘娴犮儴绻曢弰顖滄暏濡紕纭︾亸鍗烆檮娴滃棎鈧倽顕ょ憴锝喣佺化濠勬畱閹板繑鈧繃妲哥拠顖澬掗懓鍛板殰瀹歌京娈戦梻顕€顣介敍宀冣偓灞肩瑝閺勵垱膩缁﹦鎮婄拋铏规畱闂傤噣顣介妴鍌浤佺化濠勬倞鐠佺儤婀伴煬顐ｆЦ閳ユü濞囨稊瀣╃瑝濡紕纭﹂惃鍕倞鐠佽 鈧瑱绱濋悽銊у竾閸忓嫮娈戠拠婵囨降鐠囧瓨妲搁垾妯啃掑Ο锛勭ˇ閳ユ瑧娈戦悶鍡氼啈閿涘奔缍橀惃鍕箹娑擃亣袙闁插﹪娼敮绋垮煂娴ｅ秲鈧拷
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[27]閻滃鐝涢弬锟�
- On 9th August 2017, the mass media informed us of the worsening state of Lotfi Zadeh閳ユ獨 health. In an exclusive statement with AzVision, his son, Norm Zada, was quoted with the sentence: 閳ユ发y father is pretty ill. We are supposed to transport him to Azerbaijan when that horrible day comes. He specifically asked me to have him buried in Azerbaijan.閳ワ拷 Norman had signed a letter saying that it was Lotfi Zadeh閳ユ獨 last will to be buried in Azerbaijan, which was delivered to Prof. Shahnaz Shahbazova of the Azerbaijan Technical University. According to this letter it was also his will that all his awards, orders, medals and books be transferred to Professor Shakhbazova.
In the presence of the President of Azerbaijan, Ilham Aliyev, Lotfi Zadeh was laid to rest on 29th September 2017 in Baku閳ユ獨 Alley of Honour. Most members of the fuzzy community living outside of Azerbaijan received the news of the funeral after the event.
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[26]閼煎啫濮忓▎锟�
- 閸忓厖绨俊鍌欑秿閻炲棜袙閸︺劑娼猍0,1]閸栨椽妫挎担璺ㄦ暏fuzzy operator閻ㄥ嫰妫舵０姗堢礉 瀹歌尙绮￠崷銊ュ斧閺傚洣鑵戠拋銊啈閸掑府绱檇efinition 4閸欏﹤鍙曞锟� 4閿涳拷5閿涘绱濇潻娆撳櫡閸愬秵鈧崵绮ㄦ稉銈囧仯閿涳拷
1) generalized hamming distance h(a,b) 閺勵垰鐣炬稊澶婃躬鐎圭偞鏆熼崠娲？閿涘奔绲剧純鎴犵捕鏉堟挸鍤環(a,b)缂佸繗绻僺igmoid function閻ㄥ嫬褰夐幑顫礉閺勵垳鐡戞禒铚傜艾閸︹晽0,1] 閸栨椽妫跨€规矮绠熼敍蹇庡▏閻€劋绨℃稉鈧稉鐚zzy XOR connective. 閺傚洣鑵戦惃鍕槈閺勫孩妲哥€电懓褰ч張澶夌鐏炲倻缍夌紒婊呮畱閹懎鍠岄敍灞肩稻閸欘垯浜掗幒銊ョ畭閸掓澘顦跨仦鍌滅秹缂佹嚎鈧倶鈧偓
2) 娴犲骸甯悶鍡曠瑐鐠囪揪绱漟uzzy operator娑旂喍绗夐弰顖氱箑妞よ鐪梽鎰艾[0,1], 閼板本妲搁崣顖欎簰閹恒劌绠嶉崚浼存姜[0,1]閸栨椽妫�(娴犮儰绗呴弬鍥╁盀[1]). 娑旂喎姘ㄩ弰顖濐嚛閿涘ruth value鐏炩偓闂勬劒绨瑊0,1}閹存湷0,1]閸欘亝妲搁幋鎴滄粦閹繄娣稉濠勬畱娑撯偓缁夊秶鐣濋崠鏍箥缁犳鈧苯鍑￠妴鍌氼嚠娴滃搫浼愰弲楦垮厴閿涘苯鍙剧€圭偞妲告稉宥呯箑閺堝绻栭弽椋庢畱閸掑墎瀹抽惃鍕剁礄闂冨灝鐨靛▔鏇炲帗鐎电懓娲垮Λ瀣畱妫扮姾顩敍灞肩瘍鐠囧瓨妲戞禍鍡氱箹娑撯偓閻愮櫢绱氶妴锟�
[1] J.A. Goguen, "L-Fuzzy Sets", Journal of Mathematical Analysis and Applications, 18, 145-174 (1967).
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[25]閼煎啫濮忓▎锟�
- 3閿涘‘uzzy operator娑擃厾娈慳,b閸︹晽0,1]閸栨椽妫块敍宀冣偓瀵堥崪瀵冩稉鈧懜顑跨瑝閸︹晽0,1]閿涘苯鎸ㄩ崗鑸垫Ц闁俺绻冮弫鐗堝祦鐎涳缚绡勫妤€鍩岄惃鍓媏ight w閿涘苯顩ф担鏇犳倞鐟欙絽婀棃鐎�0,1]閸栨椽妫挎担璺ㄦ暏fuzzy operator閿涳拷
閿涒槄绱版潻娆愭Ц娑撯偓娑撶尦pen questions. 閺嶈宓佺€圭偤鐛欑紒鎾寸亯閿涳拷 閹存垹娈戠憴鍌涚ゴ閸滃瞼瀵介幆铏Ц閿涘瘍,x 娴犮儱寮穘euron鏉堟挸鍤� h(w,x) 閸︺劌鐤勯弫鏉垮隘闂傛潙褰夐崠鏍电礉 娴ｅ棗婀純鎴犵捕閻ㄥ嫭娓堕崥搴濈鐏炲偊绱� outputs 闁俺绻僱ogistic activation function閺勭姴鐨犻崚锟� [0閿涳拷1]閸栨椽妫块敍锟� 濠娐ゅ喕fuzzy operator閻ㄥ嫯顩﹀Ч鍌樷偓锟� 瑜版挾鍔ч敍宀冪箹缁夊秶瀵介幆宕囨畱娑撱儲鐗哥拠浣规 鏉╂ɑ妲竜pen question. -
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[24]閼煎啫濮忓▎锟�
- 1閿涘鐨uzzy XOR h(a,b)=a+b-2ab闁插秵鏌婄€规矮绠熸稉绡籩neralized hamming distance閿涘湒efinition1閿涘绱濋幇蹇庣疅娴ｆ洖婀敍锟� h(a,a)=2a-2a^2閳拷0閿涘苯顩ф担鏇犳倞鐟欘枾閸滃畮娑斿妫块惃锟�"distance"娑撳秶鐡戞禍搴ㄦ祩閿涳拷
A: 鏉╂瑤閲滈梻顕€顣介弰顖涚壌閺堫剚鈧呮畱閿涳拷 閸欐牕鍠呮禍搴㈠灉娴狀兛绮犳禒鈧稊鍫ｎ潡鎼达箒顓荤拠锟� fuzzy membership閵嗭拷 閹存垶顒滈崷銊ュ櫙婢跺洣绔寸弧鍥啈閺傚浄绱� 閸忔湹鑵戞导姘愁嚊缂佸棜顓跨拋楦跨箹娑撯偓閻愬箍鈧拷
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[23]閼煎啫濮忓▎锟�
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[22]閼煎啫濮忓▎锟�
- 閻╃ǹ鍙ч弬鍥╃彿
Revisit Fuzzy Neural Network: Demystifying Batch Normalization and ReLU with Generalized Hamming Network
http://papers.nips.cc/paper/6788-revisit-fuzzy-neural-network-demystifying-batch-normalization-and-relu-with-generalized-hamming-network -
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2閿涘鐨uzzy XOR閹广垺鍨氶崗璺虹暊fuzzy operator閿涘本鐦俊淇zzy OR: a+b-ab閿涘矁鍏橀崥锕€鍟€閸愭瑥褰熸径鏍︾缁″洩绻栭弽椋庢畱鐠佺儤鏋冮敍鐔峰祮鐠佺儤鏋冮惃鍕瘜鐟曚浇顔戦悙瑙勬Ц閸氾缚绶烽悞鑸靛灇缁斿绱�
3閿涘‘uzzy operator娑擃厾娈慳,b閸︹晽0,1]閸栨椽妫块敍宀冣偓瀵堥崪瀵冩稉鈧懜顑跨瑝閸︹晽0,1]閿涘苯鎸ㄩ崗鑸垫Ц闁俺绻冮弫鐗堝祦鐎涳缚绡勫妤€鍩岄惃鍓媏ight w閿涘苯顩ф担鏇犳倞鐟欙絽婀棃鐎�0,1]閸栨椽妫挎担璺ㄦ暏fuzzy operator閿涳拷
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[21]閼煎啫濮忓▎锟�
- Lixin.Fan@nokia.com 鏉╂瑦妲搁幋鎴犳畱闁喚顔堥崷鏉挎絻閵嗭拷
閻滃鏆€閹哄牞绱濈拠椋庣舶閹存垿鍋栫粻杈╂殌娑擃亣浠堢化缁樻煙瀵拷(闁喕娆㈤敍灞戒簳娣囷拷)閵嗗倽闃跨拫锟�! -
閸ョ偛顦� 閿涳拷 瀵邦喕淇婇崥妤嬬吹鐠囧嘲寮梼鍛灉閻ㄥ嫬宕ラ弬鍥モ偓濠冪箒鎼达附鈧繆鈧啯澧滈張鎭掆偓瀣剁窗http://blog.sciencenet.cn/blog-2999994-1012557.html
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[20]閼煎啫濮忓▎锟�
- 閻滃鏆€閹哄牞绱濋幃銊ャ偨!
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閺堢喎绶熼幃銊ф畱閸ョ偛顦� (閹儳鐡� )
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[18]鎼存棁顢戞禒锟�
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[16]yangb919
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[15]閸愵垰鎮滈崘锟�
- 閺岊垰鐨甸懢顐㈡憸濞叉稑銇嬬拋銈勮礋閿涙氨鈥樼€规碍鈧傜皑娴犲墎娈戞径宥嗘絽閹冩嫲閸嬪墎鍔ч幀褌绨ㄦ禒鍓佹畱缂佺喕顓哥涵顔肩暰閹傜闂傝揪绱濋獮鑸电梾閺堝绔熼悾宀嬬礉閹碘偓娴犮儱褰叉禒銉ㄢ偓灞肩瑬鎼存棁顕氶張澶堚偓濠傚彠娴滃骸鍠呯€规碍鈧傜皑娴犲墎娈戝鍌滃芳鐠佹亽鈧鈧拷
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閳ユ翻he human brain is wonderful at spotting patterns. It's an ability that is one of the foundation stones of science. When we notice a pattern, we try to pin it down mathematically, and then use the maths to help us understand the world around us. And if we can't spot a pattern, we don't put its absence down to ignorance. Instead we fall back on our favourite alternative. We call it randomness.閳ワ拷 --- Ian Stewart, 閳ユ窔n the Lap of the Gods,閳ワ拷 NewScientist, 25 Sept. 2004.
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[14]閸愵垰鎮滈崘锟�
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[13]鏉╃喎娆㈠畷锟�
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濡紕纭﹂悶鍡氼啈闁偓閸栨牗鍨氶垾婊呭仯閹殿偅寮块垾婵婎吀缁犳娈戞潻鐐电敾瑜般垹绱￠妴锟�
閵嗘劏鈧粎鍋ｉ幍顐ｅ伎閳ユ繆顓哥粻妤冩畱鏉╃偟鐢昏ぐ銏犵础閵嗘埊绱濋崪灞炬閼宠棄鐔€绾偓闁插矂娼伴惃鍕ㄢ偓婊冪暰閹勫腹閻炲棌鈧繈鍣烽惃鍕厙娴滄稓鎮婄拋杞扮贩閹诡喖绶㈤惄闀愭妧 娴滃棎鈧拷
閺夈劍顒滈悺锟�. 鐎规碍鈧勫腹閻炲棛绮￠崗鍛婃煙濞夋洜娈戦弫鏉款劅缂佹挻鐎崚鍡樼€絒EB/OL].
閸栨ぞ鍚敍姘厬閸ョ晫顫栭幎鈧拋鐑樻瀮閸︺劎鍤� [2005-04-28].
http://www.paper.edu.cn/releasepaper/content/200504-178.
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