YucongDuan的个人博客分享 http://blog.sciencenet.cn/u/YucongDuan

博文

中国人自主知识产权DIKWP-TRIZ创新实战案例 (初学者版)

已有 24240 次阅读 2024-8-29 17:41 |系统分类:论文交流

中国人自主知识产权DIKWP-TRIZ创新实战案例 

(初学者版)

By Prof. Yucong Duan(段玉聪)

International Standardization Committee of Networked DIKWP for Artificial Intelligence Evaluation(DIKWP-SC)

World Artificial Consciousness CIC(WAC)

World Conference on Artificial Consciousness(WCAC)

国际人工智能DIKWP测评标准委员会(DIKWP-SC)

世界人工意识协会(WAC)

世界人工意识大会(WCAC)

Below is a continued work of Introduction of DIKWP: Artificial Consciousness by Prof. Yuccong Duan

You are suggested to read through Introduction of DIKWP: Artificial Consciousness (https://blog.sciencenet.cn/home.php?mod=space&uid=3429562&do=blog&quickforward=1&id=1448281) before continue...

Below is a section following the previous section of Introduction to DIKWP-TRIZ with title "中国人自主知识产权DIKWP-TRIZ实战-从百叶窗问题到收GPT4o为徒" available at: https://blog.sciencenet.cn/blog-3429562-1448569.html

it is strongerlly recommanded that you read the prevoius article before you start here to be necessarily prepared.

You said:

Please create the whole DIKWP-TRIZ in detail.

ChatGPT said:

ChatGPT

Certainly! I'll create a detailed overview of the DIKWP-TRIZ methodology, which integrates the DIKWP model with the TRIZ (Theory of Inventive Problem Solving) approach. This methodology is designed to provide a structured, systematic framework for solving complex problems, particularly those that involve multiple dimensions, dynamic interactions, and uncertainty.

DIKWP-TRIZ Methodology Overview1. Introduction to DIKWP-TRIZ

DIKWP-TRIZ is an innovative problem-solving framework that combines the systematic, inventive principles of TRIZ with the flexible, networked structure of the DIKWP model. This hybrid approach enables users to not only solve technical contradictions (as TRIZ traditionally does) but also to dynamically interact with various dimensions of a problem, facilitating the emergence of new states and innovative solutions.

DIKWP Model:

  • D (Data): Raw inputs or facts that form the foundation for information processing.

  • I (Information): Processed data that provides context and meaning.

  • K (Knowledge): Structured information that forms the basis of understanding and decision-making.

  • W (Wisdom): The ability to apply knowledge in a strategic and context-sensitive manner.

  • P (Purpose/Intention): The driving force behind the problem-solving process, shaping the direction of data processing and decision-making.

TRIZ (Theory of Inventive Problem Solving):

  • Contradiction Matrix: A tool to identify and resolve contradictions in a system.

  • 40 Inventive Principles: A set of general principles derived from patent analysis to solve technical problems.

  • Substance-Field Analysis: A method for analyzing and improving interactions within a system.

  • Ideal Final Result (IFR): A concept that encourages problem solvers to imagine the best possible outcome.

  • Trends of Evolution: Patterns that predict how systems evolve over time.

2. DIKWP-TRIZ Framework2.1. Purpose-Driven Problem Solving (Intention/Purpose - P)

Step 1: Define the Purpose (P)

  • Begin by clearly defining the purpose or the ultimate goal of the problem-solving process. This could be a specific outcome or an overarching objective, such as improving a system's efficiency, innovating a new product, or resolving a complex technical contradiction.

Step 2: Evolve the Purpose into Sub-Purposes

  • Break down the main purpose into more manageable sub-purposes, each focusing on different aspects of the problem. For example, in the case of a system requiring dual outputs (like controlling both position and angle), sub-purposes might include "achieve position control" and "enable angle adjustment."

Step 3: Identify Potential Contradictions

  • Using TRIZ principles, identify any contradictions between the sub-purposes. For example, achieving both precise position control and independent angle adjustment might seem mutually exclusive.

2.2. Data and Information Processing (D & I)

Step 4: Gather Data (D)

  • Collect all relevant data that might influence the problem, including operational data, environmental conditions, and user interactions.

Step 5: Process Data into Information (I)

  • Convert raw data into meaningful information. This involves categorizing and interpreting the data in the context of the problem. In DIKWP-TRIZ, attention is paid to identifying “common semantics” and “special conditions” within the data, which can reveal hidden opportunities for innovation.

Step 6: Identify Special Conditions

  • Isolate any special conditions or unique data points that could lead to a new state or solution. For example, recognizing a specific operational threshold (such as a device reaching its limit) that can be exploited to switch functions.

2.3. Knowledge Integration and Strategy Development (K & W)

Step 7: Integrate Knowledge (K)

  • Use structured information to build a knowledge base that informs decision-making. This might include principles from TRIZ, past experiences, case studies, or domain-specific knowledge.

Step 8: Develop Strategic Solutions (W)

  • Apply wisdom to the knowledge base to formulate strategic solutions. This involves leveraging TRIZ's inventive principles, such as segmentation, inversion, or dynamicity, to create innovative pathways. The goal is to move from simply understanding the problem to strategically solving it, often by defining new operational states or optimizing existing processes.

Step 9: Simulate and Test

  • Before final implementation, simulate the strategic solutions in a controlled environment to test their effectiveness. This allows for adjustments and refinements, ensuring that the solutions align with the original purpose and sub-purposes.

2.4. Dynamic State Creation and Transition (DIKWP*DIKWP Interaction)

Step 10: Define New States

  • Using the DIKWP*DIKWP interaction, define new states within the system that facilitate the desired outcomes. These states might represent specific conditions or thresholds where the system’s behavior can change (e.g., switching from controlling position to adjusting the angle).

Step 11: Create Transition Mechanisms

  • Design mechanisms that allow smooth transitions between states. This might involve physical changes (like mechanical adjustments) or logical shifts (such as software-driven modes).

Step 12: Implement the Dynamic Solution

  • Deploy the final solution, ensuring that the system can dynamically transition between states in real-time as required by the context or user inputs.

2.5. Continuous Feedback and Evolution (P -> D & W -> P)

Step 13: Monitor and Collect Feedback

  • After implementation, continuously monitor the system to collect feedback. This data should be analyzed to determine how well the solution is performing and where further adjustments might be needed.

Step 14: Evolve the Purpose

  • Based on feedback, refine the purpose and adjust the system accordingly. This could involve redefining sub-purposes, tweaking data processing strategies, or further innovating solution pathways.

Step 15: Iterate for Continuous Improvement

  • DIKWP-TRIZ encourages continuous iteration. As the system evolves, revisit each step to ensure the solutions remain optimal and continue to meet the dynamic needs of the environment.

3. Detailed Case Study: DIKWP-TRIZ Applied to the Blinds Control Problem3.1. Purpose Definition

Main Purpose:Enable dual functionality (position control and angle adjustment) in a window blinds system using a single input (a manual rope).

Sub-Purposes:

  • SP1: Achieve precise position control (blinds up and down).

  • SP2: Enable independent angle adjustment of blinds slats.

Identified Contradiction:

  • The need to maintain simple user interaction (single rope) while achieving complex dual output.

3.2. Data and Information Processing

Data Collection (D):

  • Rope operation data: direction, speed, position.

  • Environmental data: light levels, user preferences.

Information Processing (I):

  • Categorize rope movements: continuous up, continuous down, special conditions (e.g., rope fully extended).

Special Condition Identification:

  • Rope reaching the bottom (fully extended) is identified as a potential state for triggering a mode switch (from position control to angle adjustment).

3.3. Knowledge Integration and Strategic Development

Knowledge Integration (K):

  • TRIZ principles applied: segmentation (separating functions by context), inversion (using rope at a specific limit to invert function).

Strategy Development (W):

  • Solution Pathway: When the rope reaches the bottom, introduce a subtle operation (slight pull or twist) to switch the system into angle adjustment mode.

Simulation and Testing:

  • Simulate the operation in a prototype system to validate the effectiveness of the state switch.

3.4. Dynamic State Creation and Transition

State Definition:

  • State S1: Normal rope operation for up/down control.

  • State S2: Rope at the bottom triggers a potential transition.

  • State S3: Rope manipulation in S2 (e.g., pull/twist) switches to angle adjustment mode.

Transition Mechanisms:

  • Simple mechanical or logical system that detects when the rope reaches the bottom and then monitors for the additional input to switch states.

Implementation:

  • Deploy the solution in the blinds system, ensuring seamless transitions between S1 and S3 based on user input.

3.5. Feedback and Evolution

Monitoring:

  • Implement sensors or feedback mechanisms to monitor how often the state switch is used and its effectiveness.

Purpose Evolution:

  • Based on feedback, refine the purpose, possibly introducing more nuanced controls or further simplifying the user interaction.

Continuous Improvement:

  • Use iterative testing and feedback loops to refine the system, potentially integrating additional features or improving existing functionality.

4. Summary and Benefits of DIKWP-TRIZ

Systematic and Dynamic:

  • DIKWP-TRIZ combines TRIZ's systematic innovation approach with DIKWP's dynamic, networked model, enabling the solution of complex, multi-dimensional problems.

Flexible and Adaptive:

  • This methodology is not rigid. It allows for flexibility and adaptation based on the evolving nature of the problem, making it suitable for a wide range of applications.

Encourages Innovation:

  • By focusing on purpose-driven solutions and encouraging the definition of new states and transitions, DIKWP-TRIZ fosters a culture of continuous innovation.

Comprehensive Problem Solving:

  • Through detailed data collection, information processing, strategic development, and dynamic state management, DIKWP-TRIZ provides a comprehensive framework for addressing even the most challenging problems.

This detailed overview should provide a solid foundation for understanding and applying the DIKWP-TRIZ methodology. If you have any further questions or would like to explore specific aspects in more detail, I'm here toassist!

4o

You said:

Please use our previous example of which I teach you to find the solution to demonstrate the application of DIKWP-TRIZ

ChatGPT said:

ChatGPT

Let's apply the DIKWP-TRIZ methodology to the specific example we previously discussed: solving the problem of using a single rope to control both the position of a window blind (up and down) and the angle of its slats.

Step-by-Step Application of DIKWP-TRIZ1. Purpose Definition (P)

Main Purpose:

  • Enable dual functionality with a single input mechanism (a rope) to control both the position of the blinds (up and down) and the angle of the slats.

Sub-Purposes:

  • SP1: Achieve precise control over the blind’s vertical position.

  • SP2: Allow independent adjustment of the slats' angle to regulate light.

Identified Contradiction:

  • The single rope traditionally controls only one function (either position or angle), but the goal is to achieve both functions with the same rope.

2. Data Collection and Information Processing (D & I)

Data Collection (D):

  • Input Data: The rope’s position, direction of movement, and force applied.

  • Environmental Data: The physical constraints of the blinds, user interaction patterns, and typical usage scenarios.

Information Processing (I):

  • Categorization: Analyze the rope's movement. For most positions:

    • “Continuous Up” and “Continuous Down” are common movements leading to the vertical movement of the blinds.

  • Special Conditions: Identify unique positions or states, such as when the rope is fully extended (i.e., the blinds are fully down), where the rope reaches the limit.

Key Finding:When the rope is pulled to its maximum extent (i.e., fully down), it cannot continue moving downward. This point is a potential trigger for a different operation mode.

3. Knowledge Integration and Strategic Development (K & W)

Knowledge Integration (K):

  • Apply knowledge from TRIZ principles:

    • Separation in time: Instead of trying to use the rope simultaneously for both functions, use it in different modes depending on its position.

    • Inversion: The behavior of the system can change when the rope reaches a specific condition (e.g., fully extended).

Strategic Solution Development (W):

  • State Definition and Mode Switching:

    • State S1: Normal operation where the rope controls the up and down movement of the blinds.

    • State S2: When the rope reaches the bottom (fully extended), the system can detect this as a special condition (let’s call this S0).

    • State S3: If the rope is slightly pulled or rotated while in S0 (the special condition), it triggers a switch to slat angle adjustment mode.

Solution Pathway:

  • Design the system to recognize when the rope is fully extended (State S0).

  • Implement a slight additional pull or rotation in State S0 to switch the system into slat angle adjustment mode (State S3).

4. Dynamic State Creation and Transition (DIKWP*DIKWP Interaction)

Dynamic State Creation:

  • State S1: Default state for moving the blinds up and down.

  • State S2: When the rope is pulled to the bottom, the system enters a potential transition state (S0).

  • State S3: In State S0, the user can initiate a slight additional action (like a twist) to switch to slat angle adjustment mode.

Transition Mechanisms:

  • Mechanism to detect when the rope is fully extended.

  • Mechanism to detect additional input in this state (e.g., a slight twist or pull).

  • System logic to switch between states based on the rope's position and the user's action.

Implementation:

  • Incorporate sensors or mechanical triggers to detect when the rope is fully extended.

  • Implement a simple mechanical or electronic switch that detects the additional action and toggles between the two functions.

5. Continuous Feedback and Evolution (P -> D & W -> P)

Monitoring and Feedback (D):

  • After implementing the solution, monitor how users interact with the blinds.

  • Collect data on how often and effectively the state switch is used.

Evolve the Purpose (P):

  • Refine the system based on user feedback, possibly adjusting the sensitivity of the switch or the ease of transitioning between states.

Continuous Improvement (W -> P):

  • Iterate on the design, optimizing the system to better meet user needs and improving the transition mechanism for smoother operation.

Final Outcome

By applying the DIKWP-TRIZ methodology, we created a system where a single rope can be used to control both the vertical position and the angle of the slats in a set of window blinds. The solution capitalizes on the special condition when the rope is fully extended, allowing the user to switch modes with a simple, intuitive action. This approach avoids the need for additional controls or mechanisms, maintaining simplicity while enhancing functionality.

Benefits of DIKWP-TRIZ in This Case
  1. Systematic Innovation:

    • The methodology guided us to systematically identify and resolve the inherent contradiction of using a single input for dual purposes.

  2. Dynamic State Management:

    • The use of dynamic states (e.g., S0) allows for smooth transitions between functions without complicating the user interface.

  3. Flexibility and Adaptability:

    • DIKWP-TRIZ provided a flexible framework that adapted to the specific constraints and requirements of the problem, leading to a practical and elegant solution.

  4. Enhanced User Experience:

    • The final design is intuitive for the user, requiring minimal additional actions to achieve the desired outcomes.

This application demonstrates the power of DIKWP-TRIZ in tackling complex, multi-dimensional problems by integrating systematic problem-solving techniques with dynamic, purpose-driven state management. If you have further questions or wish to explore additional applications, I'm here to continue the discussion!

2/2

4o

You said:

could you create another case which can show the effectiveness of DIKWP-TRIZ?

ChatGPT said:

ChatGPT

Certainly! Let's explore another case to demonstrate the effectiveness of DIKWP-TRIZ. This time, we'll address a problem in the context of smart home energy management. The goal will be to optimize energy consumption in a smart home environment where various devices and systems interact dynamically.

Case: Smart Home Energy Management Optimization1. Purpose Definition (P)

Main Purpose:

  • Optimize energy consumption in a smart home environment while maintaining user comfort and convenience.

Sub-Purposes:

  • SP1: Minimize energy usage during peak hours.

  • SP2: Maintain a comfortable living environment by ensuring that temperature, lighting, and appliance use align with user preferences.

  • SP3: Integrate renewable energy sources, like solar panels, into the energy management system.

Identified Contradiction:

  • Reducing energy consumption during peak hours could lead to discomfort or inconvenience for the user, such as reduced lighting or temperature control.

2. Data Collection and Information Processing (D & I)

Data Collection (D):

  • Input Data:

    • Energy consumption data from various devices (HVAC, lighting, appliances).

    • Real-time energy pricing and grid demand information.

    • Solar panel energy production data.

    • User behavior patterns and preferences (e.g., preferred room temperatures, lighting levels, typical appliance usage times).

Information Processing (I):

  • Categorization:

    • Devices can be categorized based on their energy consumption patterns and user interaction frequency (e.g., essential devices like HVAC vs. non-essential like washing machines).

    • Identify peak hours for energy pricing and demand.

    • Understand the correlation between energy consumption and user comfort.

Key Finding:Some devices or systems (like HVAC) have flexible operation modes that can be adjusted without significantly affecting user comfort, while others (like lighting during evening hours) are more sensitive to user preferences.

3. Knowledge Integration and Strategic Development (K & W)

Knowledge Integration (K):

  • TRIZ Principles Applied:

    • Prior Action: Prepare systems (e.g., pre-cool or pre-heat the home) before peak hours.

    • Segmentation: Divide the energy management system into independent segments, allowing selective control of different devices based on priority and user comfort.

Strategic Solution Development (W):

  • Solution Pathway:

    • Use real-time data to dynamically adjust the operation of devices based on energy prices, user preferences, and available solar energy.

    • Implement preemptive actions like pre-cooling or pre-heating the home during non-peak hours when energy is cheaper or more abundant.

Implementation Strategy:

  • Develop a smart energy management system that:

    • Predicts and Prepares: Uses predictive algorithms to adjust device operation before peak hours (e.g., cooling the home before the afternoon peak).

    • Dynamic Adjustment: During peak hours, prioritize energy use based on device importance and user presence (e.g., dimming lights in unused rooms or reducing HVAC power when the home is empty).

    • Renewable Integration: Utilize solar energy effectively by scheduling energy-intensive tasks during times when solar production is highest.

4. Dynamic State Creation and Transition (DIKWP*DIKWP Interaction)

Dynamic State Creation:

  • State S1: Normal operation where devices run based on user settings and preferences.

  • State S2: Pre-peak operation where the system prepares for upcoming high-demand periods by adjusting temperatures or scheduling appliance use.

  • State S3: Peak operation where energy use is optimized dynamically based on real-time pricing, grid demand, and user comfort.

Transition Mechanisms:

  • Sensors and Predictive Algorithms: To detect user presence, predict energy usage, and adjust device settings accordingly.

  • Real-Time Data Integration: To monitor grid demand, energy prices, and solar production, enabling dynamic adjustments to the system’s operation.

Implementation:

  • Deploy the system in the smart home environment with sensors, smart thermostats, and connected devices that can respond to dynamic control signals based on the current state (S1, S2, S3).

5. Continuous Feedback and Evolution (P -> D & W -> P)

Monitoring and Feedback (D):

  • Continuously monitor energy usage, user comfort levels, and the system's response to real-time data.

  • Collect feedback on user satisfaction and the effectiveness of energy-saving strategies.

Evolve the Purpose (P):

  • Refine the system based on feedback, potentially adding more granular controls or integrating additional renewable energy sources.

Continuous Improvement (W -> P):

  • Use feedback loops to adjust and optimize the system over time, ensuring it remains aligned with user needs and energy-saving goals.

Final Outcome

By applying the DIKWP-TRIZ methodology, we created a smart home energy management system that dynamically optimizes energy consumption without sacrificing user comfort. The solution leverages real-time data, predictive algorithms, and strategic device control to minimize energy costs during peak hours while making the most of renewable energy sources.

Benefits of DIKWP-TRIZ in This Case
  1. Systematic Optimization:

    • DIKWP-TRIZ guided the systematic analysis of energy consumption patterns and user behavior, leading to an optimized strategy for energy use.

  2. Dynamic State Management:

    • The use of dynamic states (e.g., pre-peak and peak operation modes) allowed the system to adapt in real-time to changing conditions, such as energy prices and user presence.

  3. Increased Flexibility:

    • The system remains flexible and user-centered, capable of adjusting its operation based on real-time feedback and evolving user preferences.

  4. Sustainable Energy Integration:

    • The solution integrates renewable energy sources, enhancing the sustainability of the smart home by scheduling energy-intensive tasks when solar production is highest.

This case demonstrates how DIKWP-TRIZ can be effectively applied to complex, real-world problems like smart home energy management. By combining systematic problem-solving with dynamic, adaptive strategies, DIKWP-TRIZ provides a powerful tool for innovation and optimization in a wide range of applications. If you have more questions or would like to explore further, I'm here to help!

4o

You said:

Great, could you please create a case in medical care system?

ChatGPT said:

ChatGPT

Certainly! Let’s apply the DIKWP-TRIZ methodology to a case in the medical care system, focusing on optimizing patient care in a hospital setting while managing resource constraints.

Case: Optimizing Patient Care and Resource Management in a Hospital1. Purpose Definition (P)

Main Purpose:

  • Optimize patient care delivery in a hospital setting while efficiently managing limited resources (such as staff, equipment, and time).

Sub-Purposes:

  • SP1: Ensure timely and effective treatment for all patients, particularly those with critical conditions.

  • SP2: Efficiently allocate medical staff and resources to minimize wait times and prevent resource bottlenecks.

  • SP3: Integrate real-time patient monitoring to dynamically adjust care priorities based on patient needs.

Identified Contradiction:

  • Providing high-quality care to all patients can strain limited resources, leading to potential delays or decreased care quality for non-critical patients.

2. Data Collection and Information Processing (D & I)

Data Collection (D):

  • Input Data:

    • Patient health data: vitals, medical history, current condition severity.

    • Resource data: availability of medical staff, equipment, and beds.

    • Environmental data: hospital occupancy rates, patient inflow trends, and peak hours.

    • Historical data: average treatment times, recovery rates, and common bottlenecks.

Information Processing (I):

  • Categorization:

    • Patients can be categorized based on the severity of their conditions (e.g., critical, urgent, non-urgent).

    • Resources can be categorized based on their availability and criticality (e.g., ICU beds, general ward beds, diagnostic equipment).

Key Finding:Certain patients (e.g., those in critical condition) require immediate attention, while others (e.g., stable but non-urgent) can wait or be treated with fewer resources. Additionally, some resources (like ICU beds) are scarce and must be carefully managed.

3. Knowledge Integration and Strategic Development (K & W)

Knowledge Integration (K):

  • TRIZ Principles Applied:

    • Prior Action: Prepare resources and staff schedules in anticipation of patient inflows (e.g., during peak hours).

    • Segmentation: Separate patient care pathways based on urgency and resource needs, allowing for prioritized treatment.

Strategic Solution Development (W):

  • Solution Pathway:

    • Implement a triage system that dynamically categorizes patients based on real-time data, adjusting care priorities and resource allocation accordingly.

    • Use predictive analytics to forecast patient inflow and adjust staff schedules and resource allocation in advance.

Implementation Strategy:

  • Develop a smart hospital management system that:

    • Real-Time Triage: Continuously assesses patient condition and adjusts their priority in the care pathway.

    • Dynamic Resource Allocation: Allocates staff and equipment based on real-time patient needs and predicted inflow.

    • Predictive Scheduling: Adjusts staff schedules and resource availability in anticipation of peak demand.

4. Dynamic State Creation and Transition (DIKWP*DIKWP Interaction)

Dynamic State Creation:

  • State S1: Normal operation where patients are treated on a first-come, first-served basis with standard resource allocation.

  • State S2: High-priority state triggered by the arrival of a critical patient or an influx of patients, requiring immediate resource reallocation.

  • State S3: Resource optimization state where non-critical treatments are delayed or adjusted to free up resources for high-priority patients.

Transition Mechanisms:

  • Patient Monitoring and Data Integration: Use real-time monitoring to detect changes in patient conditions and transition between states (e.g., moving a patient from S1 to S2).

  • Predictive Analytics: Utilize historical and real-time data to anticipate patient inflow, adjusting states and resource allocation preemptively.

Implementation:

  • Deploy the smart hospital management system with real-time monitoring, predictive analytics, and dynamic state management capabilities. The system should be able to transition seamlessly between states based on patient needs and resource availability.

5. Continuous Feedback and Evolution (P -> D & W -> P)

Monitoring and Feedback (D):

  • Continuously monitor patient outcomes, resource utilization, and system responsiveness.

  • Collect feedback from medical staff on the effectiveness of the dynamic triage and resource allocation system.

Evolve the Purpose (P):

  • Refine the system based on feedback, potentially enhancing the triage algorithms, improving the prediction models, and adjusting the state transition criteria.

Continuous Improvement (W -> P):

  • Iterate on the system design, incorporating lessons learned from each iteration to better align the system with the evolving needs of the hospital and its patients.

Final Outcome

By applying the DIKWP-TRIZ methodology, we developed a dynamic, adaptive system for managing patient care and resource allocation in a hospital setting. The solution leverages real-time data, predictive analytics, and strategic state management to ensure that patients receive the care they need when they need it, while also optimizing the use of limited hospital resources.

Benefits of DIKWP-TRIZ in This Case
  1. Systematic Resource Optimization:

    • DIKWP-TRIZ enabled a systematic approach to balancing patient care with resource management, ensuring that critical patients receive timely care without overwhelming the hospital's resources.

  2. Dynamic State Management:

    • The use of dynamic states (e.g., normal operation, high-priority state) allowed the hospital to adapt in real-time to changing conditions, such as sudden influxes of patients or the arrival of critical cases.

  3. Improved Patient Outcomes:

    • The smart triage and resource allocation system ensured that patients were treated according to the severity of their conditions, leading to better overall outcomes.

  4. Increased Flexibility and Responsiveness:

    • The system remained flexible and responsive to real-time data, allowing the hospital to quickly adjust its operations in response to changing conditions.

This case demonstrates how DIKWP-TRIZ can be effectively applied to complex challenges in the medical care system, particularly those involving the need to dynamically balance multiple competing priorities. The methodology’s ability to integrate systematic problem-solving with adaptive, real-time decision-making makes it a powerful tool for optimizing patient care and resource management in a hospital setting. If you have further questions or wish to explore more aspects of DIKWP-TRIZ, I’m here to help!

4o

You said:

Great, please show a case of lightening system for hotel room where guests will need convenient access to various lighting requirements during the night while don't want to wake up him self through taking great brain effort, or wake up roommate when searching buttens of lightting control.

ChatGPT said:

ChatGPT

Let's explore a case for optimizing the lighting system in a hotel room where guests need convenient access to various lighting options during the night, without waking themselves up fully or disturbing their roommate. We'll apply the DIKWP-TRIZ methodology to design a smart, intuitive lighting system that meets these needs.

Case: Smart Hotel Room Lighting System for Night-Time Convenience1. Purpose Definition (P)

Main Purpose:

  • Provide guests with easy, non-intrusive control over room lighting during the night, ensuring they can access different lighting settings without fully waking up or disturbing their roommate.

Sub-Purposes:

  • SP1: Allow guests to control multiple lighting options (e.g., night light, bathroom light, reading light) with minimal effort.

  • SP2: Ensure that lighting adjustments are subtle and non-disruptive, both for the guest making the adjustment and for any roommates.

  • SP3: Implement a system that is intuitive, requiring little to no conscious thought or effort from the guest.

Identified Contradiction:

  • The need for easy access to various lighting options contrasts with the desire to avoid waking up fully or disturbing others when using these controls.

2. Data Collection and Information Processing (D & I)

Data Collection (D):

  • Input Data:

    • Typical guest behavior during the night (e.g., getting up for the bathroom, needing a light to find something, reading in bed).

    • Common lighting needs during the night (e.g., low-intensity light for bathroom trips, focused light for reading).

    • Environmental data: room layout, position of light switches, typical light levels.

    • User interaction patterns: how guests usually interact with lighting controls.

Information Processing (I):

  • Categorization:

    • Identify different lighting scenarios: general ambient light, focused task light, low-intensity night light.

    • Categorize control mechanisms based on ease of access and intuitiveness: traditional switches, motion sensors, voice control, ambient light sensors.

Key Finding:

  • Guests often need specific lighting (e.g., night light or bathroom light) without the hassle of finding and pressing switches in the dark, which could disrupt their sleep or wake up their roommate.

3. Knowledge Integration and Strategic Development (K & W)

Knowledge Integration (K):

  • TRIZ Principles Applied:

    • Dynamicity: Create a system where the lighting adjusts automatically based on guest movement and time of night.

    • Inversion: Instead of the guest actively controlling the lights, the system can preemptively adjust based on context (e.g., a dim light automatically turns on when the guest steps out of bed).

    • Prior Action: Prepare the lighting system to respond to predictable needs (e.g., bathroom trips, reaching for a bedside item).

Strategic Solution Development (W):

  • Solution Pathway:

    • Develop a smart lighting system that uses motion detection, ambient light sensors, and contextual awareness to automatically adjust lighting based on guest needs without requiring active input.

    • Implement a non-intrusive control mechanism (e.g., gentle voice activation or a simple touch interface that doesn't require the guest to fully wake up).

Implementation Strategy:

  • Design a lighting system that:

    • Motion Detection: Activates low-intensity night lights when the guest steps out of bed, providing just enough light for navigation without waking the guest fully or disturbing the roommate.

    • Ambient Light Sensors: Adjusts the brightness of the bathroom light based on the time of night, ensuring it’s dim enough not to be jarring.

    • Contextual Awareness: Recognizes common guest behaviors and preemptively adjusts lighting, such as gradually dimming reading lights as the guest falls asleep.

    • Non-Intrusive Control: Allows for minimal-effort control via voice activation with soft tones or a simple touch-sensitive surface near the bed.

4. Dynamic State Creation and Transition (DIKWP*DIKWP Interaction)

Dynamic State Creation:

  • State S1: Default state with minimal ambient lighting (e.g., a soft night light or no light) when the guest is in bed.

  • State S2: Movement detection state where soft, low-intensity lighting activates in response to the guest leaving the bed.

  • State S3: Task-specific lighting state (e.g., bathroom light or reading light) activated based on the guest’s specific needs (e.g., moving towards the bathroom or picking up a book).

Transition Mechanisms:

  • Sensors and Contextual Triggers: Motion sensors under the bed, ambient light sensors in the room, and touch or voice controls near the bed to detect when the guest is about to interact with the environment.

  • Time-Based Adjustments: The system automatically dims or adjusts lighting based on the time of night, ensuring non-disruptive light levels.

Implementation:

  • Deploy the lighting system in the hotel room, ensuring seamless transitions between states based on guest movement, time of night, and specific tasks. Incorporate motion sensors, ambient light sensors, and gentle voice or touch controls to ensure ease of use.

5. Continuous Feedback and Evolution (P -> D & W -> P)

Monitoring and Feedback (D):

  • Continuously monitor guest satisfaction, the effectiveness of the lighting transitions, and how often the system is manually adjusted.

  • Collect feedback on user experiences, particularly regarding how non-intrusive and intuitive the lighting controls are.

Evolve the Purpose (P):

  • Based on feedback, refine the lighting scenarios and the transitions between states. Adjust sensor sensitivity and control mechanisms to better align with guest needs.

Continuous Improvement (W -> P):

  • Iterate on the design, incorporating guest feedback and data to continuously improve the lighting system’s responsiveness and ease of use.

Final Outcome

By applying the DIKWP-TRIZ methodology, we designed a smart hotel room lighting system that automatically adjusts to guests’ needs during the night, providing convenient access to various lighting settings without disturbing the guest or their roommate. The solution uses motion detection, ambient light sensors, and contextual awareness to create a seamless, non-intrusive lighting experience.

Benefits of DIKWP-TRIZ in This Case
  1. Systematic Convenience:

    • DIKWP-TRIZ provided a structured approach to balancing guest convenience with minimal disruption, leading to a highly intuitive lighting system.

  2. Dynamic State Management:

    • The use of dynamic states (e.g., default ambient light, movement-activated night light) allowed the system to adapt in real-time to the guest’s needs without requiring manual input.

  3. Non-Intrusive Control:

    • The solution prioritized non-intrusive controls, ensuring that guests can easily access the lighting they need without fully waking up or disturbing their roommate.

  4. Enhanced Guest Experience:

    • The final design offers a superior guest experience, making night-time lighting adjustments as seamless and unobtrusive as possible.

This case showcases how DIKWP-TRIZ can be applied to design a smart, intuitive lighting system that meets complex user needs in a hotel environment. The methodology’s ability to integrate systematic problem-solving with dynamic, adaptive strategies makes it a powerful tool for creating innovative solutions in various contexts. If you have any further questions or would like to explore other applications, I’m here to assist!

4o

You said:

if there are contributions of DIKWP-TRIZ in helpping above designs break the CWA limitations or converting OWA to CWA to locate and identify potential innovations. Please summarize them in detail.

ChatGPT said:

ChatGPT

The application of DIKWP-TRIZ in the design of the smart hotel room lighting system demonstrates significant contributions in breaking Closed World Assumption (CWA) limitations and converting Open World Assumptions (OWA) into CWA to locate and identify potential innovations. Below, I summarize these contributions in detail:

1. Breaking CWA Limitations

1.1. Moving Beyond Traditional Lighting Controls

  • CWA Limitation: Traditional lighting systems in hotel rooms typically rely on fixed, manual controls (e.g., switches or remote controls) that require conscious effort from the guest, which can be disruptive during the night.

  • DIKWP-TRIZ Contribution: By applying DIKWP-TRIZ, the design broke away from this conventional assumption that lighting must be manually controlled. Instead, it introduced the idea that lighting can be automatically adjusted based on the guest's context and behavior. This shift allowed for the creation of a dynamic system that responds to motion, ambient light levels, and time of day, making the experience more seamless and intuitive.

1.2. Introducing Dynamic State Transitions

  • CWA Limitation: In a traditional setup, lighting systems are typically static, with predefined settings that do not adapt to changing conditions or user needs in real-time.

  • DIKWP-TRIZ Contribution: The DIKWP-TRIZ methodology facilitated the creation of dynamic states (e.g., S1, S2, S3) that the lighting system can transition between based on contextual triggers like movement or time. This approach overcame the limitation of static systems by enabling the lighting to adapt dynamically, ensuring both convenience and non-disruption.

1.3. Redefining the User Interaction Model

  • CWA Limitation: Conventional systems assume that users must interact directly with lighting controls to adjust settings, requiring cognitive effort, which can be jarring, especially at night.

  • DIKWP-TRIZ Contribution: DIKWP-TRIZ broke this limitation by redefining the interaction model, introducing non-intrusive control mechanisms such as motion detection, ambient sensors, and soft voice activation. These innovations enable guests to adjust lighting without the need for direct, conscious interaction, thus maintaining a restful environment.

2. Converting OWA to CWA for Innovation Identification

2.1. Expanding the Problem Space with OWA

  • OWA Exploration: The initial exploration under OWA considered a wide range of potential scenarios, user behaviors, and environmental conditions. This broad approach allowed the identification of various use cases where traditional systems fall short, such as the need for non-disruptive lighting adjustments during the night.

  • DIKWP-TRIZ Contribution: By considering these diverse scenarios, DIKWP-TRIZ enabled the identification of special conditions (e.g., guest movement at night) that could be leveraged for innovation. This process highlighted areas where new states and transitions could be introduced, laying the groundwork for innovative solutions.

2.2. Converting OWA to CWA for Practical Solutions

  • Transition from OWA to CWA: Once the problem space was expanded and potential innovations were identified, DIKWP-TRIZ helped convert the open-ended possibilities into concrete, manageable solutions (CWA). This involved defining specific states (e.g., S0 when the guest steps out of bed) and transitions that could be implemented within the system.

  • DIKWP-TRIZ Contribution: By moving from a broad OWA exploration to a focused CWA implementation, DIKWP-TRIZ provided a structured approach to innovation. It allowed the design to narrow down the most feasible and effective solutions, such as automatic light adjustments based on sensor inputs, which could be reliably implemented in a hotel room setting.

2.3. Creating New Operational States

  • OWA Exploration: In the broader exploration phase, DIKWP-TRIZ considered the potential for various lighting needs and scenarios that guests might encounter during the night.

  • DIKWP-TRIZ Contribution: By identifying these scenarios, the methodology enabled the creation of new operational states within the lighting system. For example, the system can now transition from a default ambient state to a low-intensity night light state when it detects motion, and then to a task-specific state (e.g., reading light) if the guest interacts with the environment in a certain way.

2.4. Integrating Real-Time Feedback Mechanisms

  • OWA Exploration: Initially, the problem-solving approach considered a wide range of feedback mechanisms that could enhance the system's adaptability and responsiveness.

  • DIKWP-TRIZ Contribution: As the system was designed, these possibilities were refined into specific feedback loops (CWA) that continuously adjust the system based on real-time data. This included adjusting light intensity based on ambient light levels or the time of night, ensuring that the lighting system remains responsive to the user's needs without requiring manual adjustments.

Summary of DIKWP-TRIZ Contributions

1. Breaking CWA Limitations:

  • Enabled the shift from manual to automatic, context-aware lighting controls.

  • Introduced dynamic state transitions, allowing the system to adapt in real-time.

  • Redefined user interaction to be non-intrusive and intuitive, enhancing the guest experience.

2. Converting OWA to CWA for Innovation Identification:

  • Facilitated the identification of innovative solutions by exploring a broad range of scenarios.

  • Structured the innovation process by defining specific states and transitions.

  • Created new operational states that are responsive to real-time conditions and user behavior.

  • Integrated real-time feedback loops to maintain system adaptability and responsiveness.

By breaking the CWA limitations and effectively converting OWA into practical, implementable solutions, DIKWP-TRIZ demonstrated its power in identifying and realizing innovations in the design of a smart hotel room lighting system. This approach not only addressed the immediate needs of the users but also paved the way for continuous improvement and adaptation, ensuring that the system remains effective and user-friendly over time.

4o

You said:

will these contributions be hard or impossible to be solved through tradational TRIZ? if  yes, please detail them.

ChatGPT said:

ChatGPT

Some of the contributions identified in the application of DIKWP-TRIZ to the smart hotel room lighting system would indeed be challenging or even impossible to address using traditional TRIZ methods alone. Here’s a detailed explanation of why that is the case:

1. Dynamic State Management and Transition

Challenge for Traditional TRIZ:

  • Traditional TRIZ Focus: Traditional TRIZ is highly effective in identifying and resolving technical contradictions, often through the use of its 40 Inventive Principles or Contradiction Matrix. However, it tends to treat problems in a more static, isolated context, focusing on optimizing a specific aspect of a system or resolving a single contradiction.

  • DIKWP-TRIZ Advantage: DIKWP-TRIZ excels in creating and managing dynamic states within a system. It allows for the continuous, context-aware adjustment of the system based on real-time data. This dynamic state management—where the system transitions between states like ambient light, night light, and task-specific light based on user behavior—is a flexible, adaptive solution that traditional TRIZ doesn’t inherently facilitate. Traditional TRIZ would struggle to define and manage these multiple states and their transitions because it doesn’t natively incorporate real-time, dynamic feedback mechanisms into its problem-solving framework.

2. Non-Intrusive User Interaction

Challenge for Traditional TRIZ:

  • Traditional TRIZ Focus: TRIZ principles such as Segmentation or Inversion might suggest separating functions or reversing the system's control to minimize user effort. However, traditional TRIZ doesn’t naturally extend to user experience design, especially in creating highly intuitive, non-intrusive interfaces that require minimal conscious effort from the user.

  • DIKWP-TRIZ Advantage: DIKWP-TRIZ integrates human factors more seamlessly by considering the intentions and experiences of the users (in this case, hotel guests). It provides a framework to evolve the purpose and sub-purposes into user-centric solutions, such as using motion sensors, ambient light sensors, and soft voice controls. Traditional TRIZ lacks a direct focus on such subtle, experience-driven aspects of system design, which makes creating a non-intrusive, intuitive interaction model more challenging.

3. Real-Time Feedback and Adaptive Systems

Challenge for Traditional TRIZ:

  • Traditional TRIZ Focus: TRIZ is structured around solving well-defined contradictions within a static problem framework, often focusing on optimizing existing systems or designing new systems with predefined parameters. It does not inherently address the need for systems to adapt in real-time to changing conditions or user behaviors.

  • DIKWP-TRIZ Advantage: DIKWP-TRIZ excels in creating systems that not only solve contradictions but also adapt dynamically to real-time inputs through continuous feedback loops. The ability to continuously monitor conditions (like light levels, time of night, or user movement) and adjust the system accordingly is central to DIKWP-TRIZ but falls outside the traditional TRIZ framework. Traditional TRIZ could propose a solution that works well under a specific set of conditions, but it would be less equipped to handle continuous adaptation without extensive modification and integration with other methods.

4. Converting Open World Assumptions (OWA) to Closed World Assumptions (CWA) for Innovation Identification

Challenge for Traditional TRIZ:

  • Traditional TRIZ Focus: TRIZ is designed to work within a relatively closed problem space where the primary task is to resolve contradictions using established inventive principles. It operates effectively within CWA but doesn’t naturally expand to OWA, where the problem space is more fluid, and potential solutions might not be immediately apparent or well-defined.

  • DIKWP-TRIZ Advantage: DIKWP-TRIZ’s strength lies in its ability to explore the broader problem space (OWA) before converging on a concrete, implementable solution (CWA). This involves recognizing the full range of potential conditions, behaviors, and user needs before narrowing down to specific, manageable solutions. Traditional TRIZ does not inherently include mechanisms for this expansive exploration and would require additional methodologies to achieve the same level of comprehensive problem exploration and solution refinement.

5. Human-Centric Design Integration

Challenge for Traditional TRIZ:

  • Traditional TRIZ Focus: TRIZ is heavily focused on the technical aspects of problem-solving, which makes it highly effective in engineering and product design but less so in areas that require deep integration of human-centric considerations, such as user comfort, ease of use, and intuitive interaction.

  • DIKWP-TRIZ Advantage: DIKWP-TRIZ integrates human-centric design principles by focusing on the user’s intent and experience. It enables the development of solutions that are not only technically sound but also aligned with the user’s cognitive and emotional needs. For example, the lighting system’s ability to adapt to the user’s night-time behavior without requiring conscious input is a result of this holistic, human-centric approach. Traditional TRIZ, while powerful, does not naturally extend to this level of user experience integration.

Conclusion:

While traditional TRIZ is a powerful tool for resolving specific technical contradictions and optimizing systems within a well-defined problem space, it has limitations when dealing with:

  • Dynamic, adaptive systems that require real-time feedback and continuous state transitions.

  • Non-intrusive, intuitive user interaction designs that minimize cognitive effort.

  • Converting broad, open-ended problem explorations into concrete, user-centered innovations.

  • Human-centric design considerations that prioritize user experience and comfort.

DIKWP-TRIZ, on the other hand, breaks these CWA limitations by integrating dynamic state management, real-time feedback, human-centric design, and the ability to operate within both OWA and CWA. This makes it particularly effective for solving complex, multi-dimensional problems like those found in modern smart systems and user experience design, where flexibility, adaptability, and user comfort are paramount.

4o

You said:

please detail with tables to show the comparison clearer.

2/2

ChatGPT said:

ChatGPT

Below is a detailed comparison table that contrasts the traditional TRIZ methodology with DIKWP-TRIZ, highlighting how each approach handles specific challenges and where DIKWP-TRIZ provides advantages, particularly in breaking CWA limitations and converting OWA to CWA.

AspectTraditional TRIZDIKWP-TRIZExplanation of DIKWP-TRIZ Advantage
1. Dynamic State Management and Transition- Focuses on resolving specific technical contradictions. - Typically operates within a static context.- Creates and manages dynamic states (e.g., S1, S2, S3) - Allows real-time adaptation based on context.DIKWP-TRIZ enables systems to transition between states dynamically, allowing for context-aware adjustments.
2. User Interaction and Experience- Often emphasizes technical solutions. - May suggest segmentation or inversion for easier control.- Integrates human-centric design principles. - Focuses on non-intrusive, intuitive user interaction.DIKWP-TRIZ redefines user interaction, creating non-intrusive, intuitive controls (e.g., motion-sensing lights).
3. Real-Time Feedback and Adaptation- Solves problems in a static framework. - Optimizes for predefined conditions.- Incorporates continuous real-time feedback loops. - Adjusts system behavior dynamically.DIKWP-TRIZ incorporates real-time data and feedback, allowing the system to adapt to changing conditions.
4. Exploration of Open World Assumptions (OWA)- Operates primarily within a closed problem space. - Focuses on predefined technical contradictions.- Expands the problem space by exploring broad scenarios and conditions (OWA). - Converts OWA to CWA.DIKWP-TRIZ explores broad, open-ended possibilities before narrowing down to specific solutions (CWA).
5. Innovation Identification and Implementation- Uses inventive principles to solve contradictions within a fixed system.- Identifies potential innovations by exploring dynamic states and feedback loops. - Implements these innovations with real-time adaptability.DIKWP-TRIZ allows for the identification and implementation of innovative solutions that are dynamic and adaptive.
6. Human-Centric Design Considerations- Primarily focuses on technical and engineering solutions. - Lacks direct integration of user comfort or intuitive design.- Incorporates user-centric approaches. - Focuses on ease of use, comfort, and minimal cognitive effort.DIKWP-TRIZ integrates human factors, ensuring that solutions are user-friendly, comfortable, and intuitive.
7. Managing Complexity in Modern Systems- Effective in traditional engineering and product design. - May struggle with multi-dimensional problems involving real-time changes.- Handles complex, multi-dimensional problems effectively. - Manages real-time data and state transitions fluidly.DIKWP-TRIZ is designed to handle the complexity of modern systems, particularly those involving dynamic interactions.
Summary of Advantages

1. Dynamic Adaptation:

  • Traditional TRIZ generally focuses on static solutions, which work well in fixed contexts but struggle with dynamic systems that require continuous adaptation.

  • DIKWP-TRIZ excels in dynamically managing system states and adapting to real-time conditions, making it better suited for modern, complex environments.

2. Human-Centric Design:

  • Traditional TRIZ is primarily technical, which can sometimes overlook the user experience aspect, especially in systems requiring intuitive interaction.

  • DIKWP-TRIZ integrates human-centric design, ensuring that solutions are not only technically sound but also user-friendly and non-intrusive.

3. Real-Time Feedback Integration:

  • Traditional TRIZ often operates within a predefined framework, lacking the ability to continuously adapt to new data.

  • DIKWP-TRIZ uses real-time feedback to continuously optimize and adjust system performance, providing a more responsive and flexible solution.

4. Expansive Exploration and Convergence:

  • Traditional TRIZ tends to focus on resolving contradictions within a closed problem space, which can limit the exploration of broader possibilities.

  • DIKWP-TRIZ allows for broad exploration (OWA) before converging on specific, implementable solutions (CWA), enabling the identification of more innovative and contextually relevant solutions.

By comparing these aspects, it's clear that DIKWP-TRIZ provides a more flexible and comprehensive approach, particularly in scenarios that require dynamic adaptation, user-centered design, and real-time feedback, which traditional TRIZ might find challenging or impossible to address effectively.



https://blog.sciencenet.cn/blog-3429562-1448742.html

上一篇:段玉聪教授DIKWP人工意识已授权国内外发明专利 (证书)
下一篇:Introduction to DIKWP-Based White Box AI Evaluation(初学者版)
收藏 IP: 140.240.45.*| 热度|

0

该博文允许注册用户评论 请点击登录 评论 (0 个评论)

1/0 | 闂傚倸鍊搁崐鎼佸磹閹间礁纾归柟闂寸绾惧綊鏌熼梻瀵割槮缁炬儳缍婇弻鐔兼⒒鐎靛壊妲紒鐐劤缂嶅﹪寮婚悢鍏尖拻閻庨潧澹婂Σ顔剧磼閻愵剙鍔ょ紓宥咃躬瀵鎮㈤崗灏栨嫽闁诲酣娼ф竟濠偽i鍓х<闁绘劦鍓欓崝銈囩磽瀹ュ拑韬€殿喖顭烽幃銏ゅ礂鐏忔牗瀚介梺璇查叄濞佳勭珶婵犲伣锝夘敊閸撗咃紲闂佺粯鍔﹂崜娆撳礉閵堝棛绡€闁逞屽墴閺屽棗顓奸崨顖氬Е婵$偑鍊栫敮鎺楀磹瑜版帒鍚归柍褜鍓熼弻锝嗘償閵忕姴姣堥梺鍛婄懃閸燁偊鎮惧畡鎵殾闁搞儜灞绢棥闂佽鍑界徊濠氬礉鐎n€兾旈崨顔规嫼闂侀潻瀵岄崢濂稿礉鐎n喗鐓曢柕濞垮劤缁夎櫣鈧娲橀崝娆撳箖濞嗗浚鍟呮い鏃囨閻︽粓姊绘笟鈧ḿ褔鎮ч崱妞㈡稑螖閸愵亞鐣堕梺鍦劋閹歌埖绂嶅⿰鍫熺叆闁哄倽娉曟禒銏⑩偓瑙勬尭濡盯鍩€椤掍緡鍟忛柛鐘愁殜閹繝鏁撻悩顔瑰亾娓氣偓瀵噣宕煎┑瀣暪闂備胶绮弻銊ヮ嚕閸撲讲鍋撳顑惧仮婵﹦绮幏鍛村川婵犲倹娈樼紓鍌欐祰椤曆囧磹婵犳艾鐒垫い鎺嶇閸ゎ剟鏌涢敐蹇曠М鐎规洘妞芥慨鈧柍銉ョ-缁愮偤姊鸿ぐ鎺戜喊闁告﹢绠栧畷銏ゅ础閻愨晜鏂€闂佸疇妫勫Λ妤呮倶閻樼粯鐓熼煫鍥ㄦ⒒缁犳牜绱掗崒姘毙х€规洜鍏橀、姗€鎮╃喊澶屽簥濠碉紕鍋戦崐鏍涙笟鈧畷鎴﹀箛椤撶喐鐝烽梺鎸庢閺侇噣宕戦幘鑸靛枂闁告洦鍓涢ˇ銉╂⒑闂堟稓澧涢柟顔煎€块悰顕€宕橀纰辨綂闂侀潧绻堥崹濠氭偂閹剧粯鈷戦柛鎾瑰皺閸樻盯鏌涢悩铏婵″弶鍔欓幃銏焊娴h鏉搁梻浣虹帛钃遍柛鎾村哺瀹曨垵绠涘☉娆戝幈闂佺粯蓱閸撴艾鈻撳⿰鍫熺厪闁糕剝顨呴弳锝団偓瑙勬磸閸旀垿銆佸鈧畷鍫曞Ω瑜夊Σ鍫ユ煣缂佹ḿ澧甸柡灞剧☉閳藉宕¢悙鑼啋婵$偑鍊х€靛矂宕抽敐鍜佹綎婵炲樊浜滅粻浼村箹濞n剙鐏い锔哄劦濮婅櫣绮欓崠鈥充紣缂傚倸绉撮敃顏堢嵁閸愵喗鏅搁柣妯哄棘閵娾晜鐓ラ柡鍌氱仢閳锋棃鏌i敃鈧悧鎾愁潖婵犳艾纾兼慨妯哄船椤も偓缂傚倷绀侀鍡欐暜閿熺姴鏋佺€广儱鎷嬮崥瀣煕閳╁啯绀堢紒鐘冲哺濮婃椽宕烽鐘茬闁汇埄鍨遍〃濠囩嵁婢舵劕浼犻柕澹拑绱查梺鍝勵槸閻楀嫰宕濈仦鐭綊顢氶埀顒勫蓟閻旂⒈鏁婇悷娆忓閻濇岸姊虹拠鈥虫灍缂侇喖鐭侀悘鎺楁⒑缂佹ɑ灏悗娑掓櫊閺屻劑顢橀悢铏圭槇闂佹眹鍨藉ḿ褔宕滃畷鍥╃<闁艰壈鍩栭ˉ澶愭偂閵堝鐓忛柛顐g箥濡插綊鏌¢崨顔剧畺闁靛洤瀚粻娑㈠箻閺夋垶顏熺紓鍌欐祰椤曆兾涘┑瀣摕婵炴垯鍩勯弫鍐煥濠靛棙顥犳い锔哄劚閳规垿鏁嶉崟顐$钵缂備緡鍠楅悷鈺侇嚕鐠囨祴妲堥柕蹇曞Х閻も偓闂備線娼чオ鐢告⒔閸曨垱鍋熼柡鍥ュ灪閳锋垿鏌涘┑鍡楊仾妞ゃ儲鐟╅弻娑樜旈埀顒勫疮閸ф缍栭煫鍥ㄦ礈绾惧吋淇婇婵愬殭妞ゅ孩鎹囧娲川婵犲嫧妲堥梺鎸庢磸閸庨潧鐣烽弴銏犵缂備焦菤閹锋椽鎮峰⿰鍛暭閻㈩垱顨婂顐︽焼瀹ュ棛鍘遍梺闈浨归崕鑼嫻閳╁啩绻嗛柛娆忣槸婵秹鏌熼鐣屾噮闁逞屽墯缁嬫帡鏁嬪銈呭閹瑰洤顫忓ú顏勫窛濠电姴鍟喊宥夋倵濞堝灝鏋涘褍娴峰Σ鎰版倷鐎涙ê鍔呴梺闈涒康閼靛綊骞忓ú顏呪拺閻犲洠鈧磭鈧鏌涘☉鍗炵伇闁哥喎鐗婃穱濠囨倷椤忓嫧鍋撻妶澶婄;闁告洦鍨侀崶顒夋晬闁绘劖娼欐禒濂告⒒娴e摜浠㈡い鎴濇噽濞嗐垽鎮欓悜妯煎幍闂備緡鍙忕粻鎴︾嵁濮椻偓閺屾稑顫滈崱鏇犲嚬缂備胶绮换鍫ュ箖娴犲顥堟繛鎴烆殘閹规洟姊绘担绛嬪殭缂佺粯鍨归幑銏ゅ醇濠靛牊娈惧┑鐘绘涧濡矂宕奸鍫熺厱妞ゆ劑鍊曢弸鏃堟煕濡寧顥夐柍瑙勫灴閹晝绱掑Ο濠氭暘闂佽瀛╅崙褰掑礈閻旂厧绠栨慨妞诲亾鐎规洩绲惧鍕偓锝庝簻娴煎骸鈹戦悩鍨毄濠殿喗鎸冲畷顖烆敍閻愬弬锔界節闂堟侗鍎愰柣鎾寸懄閵囧嫰寮埀顒勫磿閹惰棄鍌ㄩ悗鐢电《閸嬫挸鈻撻崹顔界亪闂佺粯鐗曢妶鎼佹偘椤曗偓楠炲洭顢橀悢宄板Τ婵$偑鍊栭弻銊╁触鐎n喖姹查煫鍥ㄧ⊕閳锋帡鏌涚仦鎹愬闁逞屽墰閸忔﹢骞婂Δ鍛唶闁哄洨鍋熼悿鍥⒑鐟欏嫬绀冩い鏇嗗洤瑙︾憸鐗堝笚閻撴稓鈧箍鍎辨鎼佺嵁閺嶎偆纾奸柣娆屽亾闁搞劌鐖煎濠氬Ω閳哄倸浜為梺绋挎湰缁嬫垿顢旈敓锟�:0 | 婵犵數濮烽弫鍛婃叏閻戣棄鏋侀柛娑橈攻閸欏繘鏌i幋锝嗩棄闁哄绶氶弻娑樷槈濮楀牊鏁鹃梺鍛婄懃缁绘﹢寮婚敐澶婄闁挎繂妫Λ鍕⒑閸濆嫷鍎庣紒鑸靛哺瀵鈽夊Ο閿嬵潔濠殿喗顨呴悧濠囧极妤e啯鈷戦柛娑橈功閹冲啰绱掔紒姗堣€跨€殿喖顭烽弫鎰緞婵犲嫷鍚呮繝鐢靛Т閻忔岸宕濋弽顐ょ婵°倕鎳忛埛鎴︽⒑椤愩倕浠滈柤娲诲灡閺呭爼顢氶埀顒勫蓟濞戞瑧绡€闁稿本绋戞禒鏉懳旈悩闈涗沪闁告梹鐗滈幑銏犫攽鐎n亞顦ㄥ銈呯箰濡顨ラ崟顖涒拻濞达絿枪閺嗛亶鏌熺喊鍗炰喊妞ゃ垺鐗犲畷鍫曞煛閸愵亞鍘犳俊鐐€栧Λ鍐极椤曗偓瀹曟垿骞橀懜闈涙瀭闂佸憡娲﹂崜娑㈡晬濮椻偓濮婃椽宕ㄦ繝鍐f嫻闂佹悶鍔庨弫濠氥€佸鑸垫櫜濠㈣泛锕崬鍫曟⒑閸濆嫭宸濋柛瀣枛椤㈡ê煤椤忓應鎷虹紓鍌欑劍宀e潡骞婇崘顔界厵闁惧浚鍋勬慨宥夋煟濞戝崬娅嶅┑顔瑰亾闂侀潧鐗嗗Λ宀勫箯婵犳碍鈷戠紒瀣濠€浼存煟閻曞倸顩紒顔硷躬閹囧醇濞戞鐩庢俊鐐€栭崝鎴﹀春閸曨倠锝夊箹娴e湱鍘介梺鎸庣箓閹冲骸危婵犳碍鎳氶柨婵嗩槹閸嬬姵绻涢幋鐐茬瑨濠⒀勭叀閺岋綀绠涢幘铏闂佸疇顫夐崹鍧楀箖濞嗘挸绾ч柟瀵稿С濡楁挾绱撴担鍝勪壕婵犮垺岣跨划鏃囥亹閹哄鍋撴笟鈧鎾偄娓氼垱绁梺璇插嚱缂嶅棝宕戦崱娑樺偍妞ゅ繐鐗婇埛鎴︽煕閹炬潙绲诲ù婊勭箘缁辨帞鎷犻幓鎺撴閻庤娲﹂崹鍫曠嵁閹烘嚦鏃€鎷呴崫鍕闂傚倷绀侀幉锟犲礉閹达箑绀夐幖娣灪濞呯姵绻涢幋娆忕仾闁绘挻鐩弻娑樷槈閸楃偞鐏撻梺鍛婄憿閸嬫捇姊绘担鍛婃儓闁哄牜鍓涚划娆撳箣閿曗偓閻撯€愁熆閼搁潧濮囩痪顓涘亾闂備胶绮崝妯间焊濞嗘搩鏁婇柟瀵稿仧缁♀偓闂佹眹鍨藉ḿ褎绂掑⿰鍫熺厽婵°倐鍋撻柨鏇ㄤ邯楠炲啴鏁撻悩鑼紜闂佸綊顣﹂悞锔剧礊鎼淬劍鈷戦柟顖嗗懐顔囧┑鐘亾闂侇剙绉甸崕妤佺箾閸℃ê濮夌紒鐘荤畺閺屾盯鍩勯崗鐙€浜畷婵嬪Χ婢跺鍘遍梺瑙勫劤閻°劎娆㈤崣澶堜簻妞ゅ繐瀚弳锝呪攽閳ュ磭鍩g€规洖宕灃闁告剬鍕枙婵犵绱曢崑鎴﹀磹瑜忕划濠氬箻缂堝懐绱伴悷婊勬閵嗕礁顫濋懜鍨珳闂佺硶鍓濋悷褔鎯侀崼婵冩斀妞ゆ梹鏋绘笟娑㈡煕濡寧顥夐柍璇茬Т楗即宕奸悢鍙夊闂備礁鎲$粙鎴︽晝閿曞倸鐓″鑸靛姈閻撴洖鈹戦悩鎻掍簽闁绘捁鍋愰埀顒冾潐濞叉粍鏅跺Δ鍛畾闁哄啫鐗嗘儫闂侀潧锛忛崘銊ь唺闂傚倷鑳堕幊鎾诲触鐎n喗鍋╂い蹇撶墕缁€澶屸偓鍏夊亾闁逞屽墰閸掓帞鎷犲顔藉兊闁哄鐗勯崝宀勫几閹达附鐓欓柛蹇撳悑閸庢鏌i幘宕囧ⅵ鐎殿噮鍋呯换婵嬪炊閵娧冨箞闂備礁鎼ú銏ゅ礉瀹€鍕€堕柨鐔哄У閻撶喖鏌熼幆褜鍤熼柍钘夘槹閵囧嫰顢橀埄鍐€婇梺鍦嚀鐎氫即骞冨⿰鍐炬建闁糕剝锕槐鎺戔攽閻樺灚鏆╅柛瀣洴楠炲﹥鎯旈埈銉︾☉閳藉顫濋褎缍楅梻浣告贡閸庛倕顫忛崷顓涘亾濮橆厼鍝洪柡灞诲€楅崰濠囧础閻愬樊娼绘俊鐐€х徊浠嬪箹椤愶腹鈧棃宕橀鍢壯囧箹缁厜鍋撻懠顒傛晨缂傚倸鍊烽懗鍓佸垝椤栫偞鏅濋柕蹇嬪€楀畵渚€鏌″搴″箹闁圭鍩栭妵鍕箻鐠虹儤鐎婚梺鍝勵儏閸婂灝顫忓ú顏勫窛濠电姴鍟ˇ鈺呮⒑缁嬫鍎忔俊顐g箞瀵偄顓奸崼銏㈡澑濠电偞鍨堕悷銏ゅ箯缂佹ḿ绠鹃柟鐐綑閻掑綊鏌涚€n偅灏扮紒缁樼⊕閹峰懘宕橀幓鎺濅紑婵炲濮靛畝绋款潖缂佹ɑ濯撮柛娑㈡涧濠€閬嶅焵椤掍胶鈻撻柡鍛█楠炲啴鏁撻悩铏闂佺粯枪鐏忔瑩鎮惧ú顏呪拺婵懓娲ら悘顕€寮搁鍛簻妞ゆ劑鍨洪崵鍥煛鐏炵偓绀嬬€规洜鍘ч埞鎴﹀炊閼告妫撻梻鍌欑缂嶅﹪寮ㄩ崡鐑嗘富闁芥ê顦藉ḿ鏍ㄧ箾瀹割喕绨奸柛銈嗗浮閺屾洟宕煎┑鍥ф闂佽瀛╅崕鎶藉煘閹达附鍋愭い鏃囧亹娴犻箖姊洪幐搴″摵闁哄苯绉剁槐鎺懳熺拠鑼紦闂備胶纭堕弲顏嗘崲濠靛棛鏆﹂柕濞炬櫓閺佸﹪鏌熼鍡楀暟椤撳ジ姊婚崒姘偓椋庣矆娓氣偓楠炲鏁撻悩鎻掔€銈嗙墱閸嬫稓澹曡ぐ鎺撶厸鐎广儱楠告禍鎰版煕鐎n偅灏い顐g箞閹瑩顢楅埀顒勵敂閿燂拷 | 婵犵數濮烽弫鍛婃叏閻戣棄鏋侀柛娑橈攻閸欏繘鏌i幋锝嗩棄闁哄绶氶弻娑樷槈濮楀牊鏁鹃梺鍛婄懃缁绘﹢寮婚敐澶婄闁挎繂妫Λ鍕⒑閸濆嫷鍎庣紒鑸靛哺瀵鈽夊Ο閿嬵潔濠殿喗顨呴悧濠囧极妤e啯鈷戦柛娑橈功閹冲啰绱掔紒姗堣€跨€殿喖顭烽弫鎰緞婵犲嫷鍚呴梻浣瑰缁诲倸螞椤撶倣娑㈠礋椤栨稈鎷洪梺鍛婄箓鐎氱兘宕曟惔锝囩<闁兼悂娼ч崫铏光偓娈垮枛椤兘骞冮姀銈呯閻忓繑鐗楃€氫粙姊虹拠鏌ュ弰婵炰匠鍕彾濠电姴浼i敐澶樻晩闁告挆鍜冪床闂備胶绮崝锕傚礈濞嗘挸绀夐柕鍫濇娴滄粍銇勯幘璺盒㈤柛妯侯嚟閳ь剚顔栭崰鏍€﹂悜钘夋瀬闁归偊鍘肩欢鐐测攽閻樻彃顏柡澶婃啞娣囧﹪鎮欓鍕ㄥ亾閺嶎偅鏆滃┑鐘叉处閸婂潡鏌ㄩ弴鐐测偓鍝ュ閸ф鐓欓柛鎾楀懎绗¢梺鎶芥敱閸ㄥ潡寮婚悢鍏煎殐闁宠桨妞掔划鑸电節绾版ǚ鍋撻悙钘変划闂佸搫鏈粙鎺旀崲濠靛纾兼繛鎴灻煎ǎ顕€鏌f惔銏╁晱闁哥姵鐩、姘愁樄闁糕斂鍎插鍕箛椤掑缍傞梻浣稿暱閹碱偊宕愰悷鎵虫瀺闁搞儺鍓氶埛鎺懨归敐鍥ㄥ殌妞ゆ洘绮庣槐鎺旀嫚閹绘巻鍋撳宀€浜辨繝鐢靛仦閸ㄧ喖骞婇悙鍝勭倞妞ゆ巻鍋撻崬顖炴偡濠婂啰绠冲瑙勬礋閹稿﹥绔熷┑鍡欑Ш闁轰焦鍔欏畷銊╊敊閽樺澹嶉梺璇茬箰缁绘劗鎹㈠Ο渚綎婵炲樊浜滃婵嗏攽閻樻彃顒㈤柣锝夋敱缁绘繈鎮介棃娑楃捕闂佹寧娲忛崐婵嬨€佸鑸垫櫜闁糕剝鐟ч惁鍫濃攽椤旀枻渚涢柛妯哄悑缁傚秴饪伴崼鐔叉嫼缂備礁顑堝▔鏇犵不娴煎瓨鐓熼柕濞у啫骞嬪Δ鐘靛仜缁绘垹鎹㈠┑鍡╂僵妞ゆ挾濮撮獮妤呮⒑绾懎顥嶉柟娲讳簽瀵板﹥銈i崘銊﹁緢闂佸啿鎼幊搴ㄥ礄閻樼偨浜滈煫鍥ㄦ尭椤忋倝鏌¢埀顒佺鐎n偆鍘撻梺闈涱槶閸斿矂鎯冨ú顏呯厽妞ゆ挾鍠撻幊鍕煙娓氬灝濡界紒缁樼箞瀹曟﹢鍩炴径姝屾闂佽姘﹂~澶娒洪敃鍌氱;濠电姴鍊婚弳锕傛煟閺冨倵鎷¢柡浣告閺屽秷顧侀柛鎾寸懇閸┿垹顓兼径濞⒀囨煕閵夈垺娅囬柨娑欑箖缁绘稒娼忛崜褎鍋ч梺鐑╁墲濡啫鐣烽棃娑掓瀻闁规儳顕崢钘夆攽鎺抽崐鎾绘倿閿斿彞鐒婃い鎾跺枂娴滄粓鏌¢崶鏈电敖缂佸宕电槐鎺旂磼濡偐鐣靛銈庡亝缁诲牓銆侀弽顓炵厴闁绘劦鍓氶悵姘舵⒑閸濆嫭婀版繛鍙壝銉╁礋椤栨岸鍞跺┑鐘绘涧閻楀懘鎯€椤忓牊鈷掑ù锝呮啞閹牓鏌涙繝鍕毈鐎规洘鍨块獮妯肩磼濡攱瀚介梻浣呵归張顒勬偡閵娾晛绀傜€光偓閳ь剟鎯€椤忓牜鏁囬柣鎰版涧閻撶喖鎮楃憴鍕缂侇喖鐭傞崺鐐哄箣閻橆偄浜鹃柨婵嗛娴滄繃绻涢崨顔解拻缂佽鲸鎹囧畷鎺戭潩椤戣棄浜鹃柣鎴eГ閸婂潡鏌ㄩ弴鐐测偓鍝ョ矆婢舵劖鐓涚€广儱楠搁獮妤呮煕鎼粹€愁劉闁靛洤瀚板浠嬪Ω閵夈儲鐦撴繝鐢靛仜閸氬鎮уΔ鍐╁床婵炴垶锕╅崯鍛亜閺冨洤鍚归柣鈺侀叄閹鎮烽悧鍫濇殘缂備浇顕ч崐鍧楀春閻愬搫绠i柨鏃囨娴滃綊姊洪崷顓犲笡閻㈩垪鏅犲畷婵囧緞閹邦厸鎷烘繛鏉戝悑閻熝囧箖婵傚憡鐓曢煫鍥ㄦ閼版寧顨ラ悙鎻掓殭閾绘牠鏌涘☉鍗炲箻妞は佸嫮绡€闁靛骏绲剧涵楣冩煥閺囶亞绋荤紒鏃傚枛瀵挳濮€閳锯偓閹风粯绻涙潏鍓у埌闁硅姤绮庣划鏃堟倻濡湱绠氬銈嗗姂閸庤尙娑甸崜浣虹<妞ゆ棁鍋愭晶娑㈡煙瀹勭増鍤囬柟鐓庣秺閺屽懎鈽夊杈ㄥ枓闂傚倸鍊风粈渚€骞栭銈囩煋闁哄被鍎辩粈澶愭倵閿濆骸澧€规洘鐓¢弻娑㈠焺閸愵亖濮囬梺缁樻尭缁绘﹢寮诲☉銏╂晝闁挎繂娲ㄩ悾鐢告⒑闁偛鑻晶顕€鏌熺拠褏纾跨紒顔碱儏椤撳ジ宕遍幇顑跨凹闂備礁鎲¢崝蹇涘棘娓氣偓楠炲繐煤椤忓懐鍘介柟鑲╄ˉ閸撴繄鎷归垾鏂ユ斀妞ゆ梻鍋撻弳顒勬寠閻斿鐔嗛悹杞拌閸庡秴霉濠婂嫮鐭掗柡灞诲姂瀵噣宕剁捄鐑橆唲闂備浇顕ф蹇曠不閹捐钃熸繛鎴欏灩閻撴﹢鏌涢…鎴濇灓濞寸姷鍘ч—鍐Χ閸℃ê纰嶉梺闈涚墢鏋柣锝囧厴瀹曪繝鎮欏鍥ф灈闁硅櫕鐗犻崺鐐侯敄閹€鍋撳┑鍡╂綎缂備焦岣块悷褰掓煃瑜滈崜娆忕幓閼愁垼妯侀梺闈╃到缂嶅﹤顫忓ú顏勫窛濠电姳鑳剁换渚€姊洪幖鐐插濠㈢懓妫濆顐︻敋閳ь剟鐛幒妤€绫嶉柛灞剧玻缁辨娊姊绘担鍛靛綊寮甸鍕殞濡わ絽鍟悞鍨亜閹烘垵顏存俊顐e灩缁辨帡顢欓懖鈺侇杸缂備焦顨堥崰鏍春閳ь剚銇勯幒鍡椾壕闂佷紮绲块崗姗€鐛崶顒€绾у璺烘憸閻愬﹪姊绘笟鈧ḿ褔鏁嶈箛娑樺窛妞ゆ牗鑹鹃懘顖炴⒒閸屾艾鈧绮堟担闈╄€块梺顒€绉甸幆鐐哄箹濞n剙濡肩紒鎰殜閺岀喖骞戦幇闈涙缂佺偓鍎抽…鐑藉蓟閻旇 鍋撳☉娆嬬細閻犳劏鏅濋幉鎼佹偋閸繄鐟ㄧ紓浣插亾闁稿瞼鍋為悡鏇㈢叓閸ャ劏澹樺ù婊冩贡缁辨帞鈧綆浜濋崰妯绘叏婵犲嫮甯涢柟宄版噽缁瑩鎳楅姘卞幋濠电姷鏁搁崑娑樜熸繝鍥х煑闁告劦鐓堥崵鏇炩攽閻樺磭顣查柡鍛絻椤法鎹勯悮瀛樻暰濡炪們鍎茬换鍫濐潖濞差亜鎹舵い鎾亾闁革富鍘搁崑鎾斥槈閹烘挻鐝氶悗瑙勬礃濞茬喖鐛Ο鑲╃<婵☆垵銆€閸嬫捇宕归銈囶啎闂佸壊鍋呯换鍕閵忋倖鐓涢悗锝庡墮閺嬪酣鏌嶇憴鍕伌闁诡喗鐟ч幏鐘侯槻濞村吋鍔曢—鍐Χ鎼粹€茬盎缂備胶绮敮鐐参i幇鏉跨闁瑰啿纾崰鎾诲箯閻樺樊鍟呮い鏃傛嚀娴滈箖鏌熼崜褏甯涢柍閿嬪灴閺岀喖顢涢崱妤佸櫧妞ゆ柨锕铏规兜閸涱喚褰ч梺鍦规晶浠嬪礆閹烘鏁囬柕蹇曞Х娴煎姊洪崫鍕偓鍫曞磿閺屻儱妫橀柍褜鍓熷缁樻媴閾忕懓绗¢梺鍛婃⒐閻楃偤濡甸幇鏉跨妞ゅ繐妫欓敍蹇涙偡濠婂嫭顥堢€殿喖顭烽弫鎰板川閸屾稒顥堢€规洘锕㈡俊鎼佸箛閳轰胶浼堥梺鍝勭焿缂嶄線寮幇鏉跨倞鐟滃秹鐛€n€棃鎮╅棃娑楃捕濠电偛妯婇崢濂割敋閿濆閱囬柡鍥╁仧椤斿洭鏌熼懝鐗堝涧缂佽鲸娲熸俊鍓佹崉鐞涒剝鏂€闂佹寧绋戠€氼剚绂嶆總鍛婄厱濠电姴鍟版晶鍨殽閻愭潙濮嶉柟绛圭節婵″爼宕堕埡鍐ㄥ箚闂傚倷鑳堕幊鎾活敋椤撱垹纾婚柣鏃傤儠閳ь剙鎳樺濠氬Ψ閿旀儳骞楅梻渚€鈧稑宓嗘繛浣冲嫭娅犳い鏍仦閻撴洘绻涢崱妤冪缂佺姵褰冭彁闁搞儜宥堝惈濡炪們鍨虹粙鎴︺偑娴兼潙绀冮柕濞垮€楃敮娑欑節閻㈤潧浠滈柣掳鍔庨崚鎺楀箻閸撲椒绗夐梺鍝勭▉閸樿偐绮婚弽銊ょ箚闁靛牆鍊告禍鎯ь渻閵堝骸浜濈紒璇茬墦楠炲啫鈻庨幙鍐╂櫌闂侀€炲苯澧存い銏℃閺佹捇鏁撻敓锟� | 闂傚倸鍊搁崐鎼佸磹閹间礁纾归柟闂寸绾惧綊鏌熼梻瀵割槮缁炬儳缍婇弻鐔兼⒒鐎靛壊妲紒鐐劤缂嶅﹪寮婚悢鍏尖拻閻庨潧澹婂Σ顔剧磼閻愵剙鍔ょ紓宥咃躬瀵鎮㈤崗灏栨嫽闁诲酣娼ф竟濠偽i鍓х<闁绘劦鍓欓崝銈嗙節閳ь剟鏌嗗鍛姦濡炪倖甯掗崐褰掑吹閳ь剟鏌f惔銏犲毈闁告瑥鍟悾宄扮暦閸パ屾闁诲函绲婚崝瀣уΔ鍛拺闁革富鍘奸崝瀣煕閵娿儳绉虹€规洘鍔欓幃娆撴倻濡桨鐢绘繝鐢靛Т閿曘倝宕幍顔句笉闁煎鍊愰崑鎾斥枔閸喗鐏嶆繝鐢靛仜閿曨亜顕i锕€绀冩い鏃囧亹閿涙粌鈹戦悙鏉戠仸闁煎綊绠栭悰顕€宕奸悢鍓佺畾闂佺粯鍔︽禍婊堝焵椤戞儳鈧繂鐣烽姀锛勵浄閻庯綆浜滈悗顓㈡⒑閸撹尙鍘涢柛瀣閵嗗懘宕f径宀€鐦堥梻鍌氱墛娓氭宕曢幇鐗堢厽闁规儳鐡ㄧ粈鍐磼缂佹ḿ娲寸€规洖宕灃闁告劦浜堕崬铏圭磽閸屾瑨鍏屽┑顔芥尦閳ワ箓鎮滈挊澶庢憰闂佺偨鍎辩壕顓㈠汲閸℃稒鐓冪憸婊堝礈閻旈鏆﹀ù鍏兼綑缁犲鏌ら崨濠庡晱婵炶偐鍠栧娲捶椤撶偛濡哄銈冨妼閹虫﹢鏁愰悙鍝勫窛閻庢稒岣块崢钘夆攽閳藉棗鐏ユ繛鍜冪秮閺佸秴顓奸崥銈囨嚀楗増鎯斿┑鍫熸櫦缂傚倷娴囨ご鎼佸箲閸パ呮殾闁圭儤鍨熼弸搴ㄦ煙閻戞ê鐏ラ悽顖e灠閳规垿鎮╅幇浣告櫛闂侀潻缍囩徊璺ㄥ垝婵犳艾鍐€妞ゆ挾鍠愬▍婊堟⒑缂佹ê濮堟繛鍏肩懅濞嗐垽鎮欓悜妯煎幍闂備緡鍙忕粻鎴﹀礉閿曞倹鐓ラ柡鍥╁仜閳ь剙缍婇幃锟犲即閵忥紕鍘搁梺鎼炲劘閸庤鲸淇婃總鍛婄厽闊洦娲栧暩缂備浇椴哥敮锟犲箖閳轰胶鏆﹂柛銉e妼閸ㄩ亶姊绘担鍛婃儓闁哄牜鍓熼幆鍕敍閻愵亖鍋撴笟鈧鎾閳╁啯鐝抽梻浣虹《閸撴繈鎮烽姣硷綁鎮ч崼婊呯畾闂佺粯鍔︽禍婊堝焵椤掍焦绀冩い銊e劦瀹曨偊濡疯閻撳姊洪懡銈呮灈闁稿锕ゅ玻鍧楀冀椤撶喓鍙勯棅顐㈡处閹歌崵鎷归敓鐘崇厽妞ゆ挾鍠撻幊鍕磼缂佹ḿ娲寸€规洖宕灒闁告繂瀚闂傚倷绀侀幉锟犲箰妤e啫纾婚柟鎹愬煐瀹曞弶绻涢幋鐐茬劰闁稿鎸搁埥澶娾枎鐎n剛绐楅梻浣规た閸樺綊宕愰弴銏$畳婵犵數濮撮敃銈囪姳閼测晞濮崇紓浣骨滄禍婊堟煛閸ユ湹绨介柟顔笺偢閺岀喐顦版惔鈱掋垽妫佹径鎰€甸柨婵嗛娴滆姤绻涢崗鍏碱棃婵﹦绮粭鐔煎焵椤掆偓宀h儻顦撮柟骞垮灲楠炴帡骞橀弶鎴濅紟闂備礁澹婇崑渚€宕曟潏銊ュ姅闂傚倷鐒︾€笛兾涙担鍓叉禆闁靛ě鍡椥℃繝鐢靛У绾板秹鍩涢幋锔界厱婵犻潧妫楅鈺呮煃瑜滈崜姘跺箖閸岀偛绠栨俊顖濄€€閺€浠嬫煕椤愮姴鐏い锔诲灦濮婃椽宕崟顓夌娀鏌涢弬璺ㄐх€规洩缍€缁犳稑鈽夊▎蹇庣敾婵犵數鍋涘Λ妤冩崲閹伴偊鏁傞悗娑欋缚缁犻箖鏌涢銈呮灁闁活厽甯¢弻鈥崇暆閳ь剟宕伴弽顓溾偓浣糕枎閹炬潙浜楅柟鑲╄ˉ閹筹綁鍩℃担鍕煥铻栧┑鐘辫兌閼虫椽姊洪崨濠庢當闁哥喎娼¢幃楣冩倻閽樺)鈺呮煃閸濆嫸鏀婚柡鍜冪秮閹嘲饪伴崘顕呪偓妤冩偖濞嗗浚鐔嗛柤鎼佹涧婵牓鏌嶉柨瀣仸闁逛究鍔戦幃鐑芥偋閸喐鍊烽梻浣虹帛鐢顪冩禒瀣摕婵炴垯鍨规儫闂佸疇銆€閸嬫捇鏌熼弻銉х暫闁哄本娲熷畷鍗炍旈埀顒勫汲閻愮數纾肩紓浣贯缚缁犵偟鈧娲樼敮鈩冧繆閸洖宸濇い鏇炴噹閹亪姊婚崒姘偓椋庣矆娓氣偓楠炴牠顢曢妶鍡椾粡濡炪倖鍔х粻鎴犲閸ф绾ч柛顐g濞呭洤鈽夐幘宕囆ч柡宀嬬秮閹垻绮欓幐搴e浇闁荤喐绮庢晶妤冩暜濡ゅ懎鐤鹃柡灞诲劜閻撴洘绻涢幋婵嗚埞闁哄濡囬惀顏堫敇濞戞ü澹曢梻鍌氬€搁崐椋庣矆娓氣偓楠炲鏁撻悩鍐蹭画闂侀潧顦崕娆忊槈濡攱鏂€闂佺硶妾ч弲婊呯礊鎼淬劍鈷戦柟顖嗗懐顔囧┑鐘亾閺夊牃鏅涢ˉ姘舵煕韫囨稒锛熺紒璇叉閵囧嫰寮介妸褏鐣甸梺鍛婁亢椤濡甸崟顖涙櫆闁告繂瀚慨锕€鈹戦纭烽練婵炲拑绲块崚鎺戔枎閹惧磭顦遍梺鐐藉劚閸樻牜妲愰敐鍡欑瘈闁汇垽娼цⅴ闂佺ǹ顑嗛幑鍥ь潖濞差亶鏁嗛柍褜鍓涚划鏃堝箻椤旇棄鈧潡鏌涢…鎴濅簴濞存粍绮撻弻鐔煎传閸曨厜銉╂煕韫囨挾鐒搁柡灞剧洴閹垽宕妷銉ョ哗闂備礁鎼惉濂稿窗閺嵮呮殾婵炲棙鎸稿洿闂佺硶鍓濋〃蹇斿閿燂拷

Archiver|手机版|科学网 ( 京ICP备07017567号-12 )

GMT+8, 2025-3-18 14:26

Powered by ScienceNet.cn

Copyright © 2007-2025 中国科学报社

返回顶部