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以色列Anna Sfard及其研究整理——基于2007年弗赖登塔尔奖颁奖词

已有 2613 次阅读 2018-7-11 10:39 |系统分类:科研笔记

    第一次关注到Anna Sfard的研究,是从江南大学徐兆洋老师的研究中看到的:

    徐兆洋.“交流取向”的数学教育研究:背景、假设与概念框架[J].外国教育研究,2018,45(03):98-110.

    月初还基于徐老师的这篇论文,整理了如下的博客文章:

    以色列海法大学安娜•斯法德(AnnaSfard)及其研究——基于国内18年3月的综述研究

    http://blog.sina.com.cn/s/blog_687723430102xs4f.html


    以色列海法大学教育学院教授安娜·斯法德(Anna Sfard ),是2007年弗赖登塔尔奖获得者,长期专注于数学教育中的对象化和话语研究、取得卓越而深刻的科学成就并对数学教育研究的许多分支产生重要影响。

    其谷歌学术主页暂时好像没有,谷歌学术作者检索页面为:https://scholar.google.com/scholar?hl=en&as_sdt=0,5&q=author:"Anna+Sfard"&btnG=

    其Web of Science作者检索页面(截止2018年7月,38条检索结果)为:http://apps.webofknowledge.com.ezp.lib.unimelb.edu.au/Search.do?product=WOS&SID=D4KVudDj1c7OAfbTRcX&search_mode=GeneralSearch&prID=13b92b67-c2de-4dab-af2a-b2027c6439dd

    以下内容,将基于ICMI官网公布的2007年弗赖登塔尔奖颁奖词(https://www.mathunion.org/icmi/2007-hans-freudenthal-award),来做进一步整理。精力所限,所以暂时只做英文翻译器粗翻译后的中英文呈现,理解过程中,对部分内容做了精翻译整理。


一、Anna Sfard的贡献概况

    It is with great pleasure that the ICMI Awards Committee hereby announces that the Hans Freudenthal Medal for 2007 is given to Professor Anna Sfard, University of Haifa, Israel, and the University of London, UK, in recognition of her highly significant and scientifically deep accomplishments within a consistent, long-term research programme focused on objectification and discourse in mathematics education, which has had a major impact on many strands of research in mathematics education and on numerous young researchers.

    非常高兴的是,ICMI奖委员会宣布,汉斯弗雷登塔尔2007奖章授予Anna Sfard教授,以色列海法大学和英国伦敦大学,以表彰她的重大成就和科学成就:一个一致的,长期的研究计划专注于数学教育中的客观化和话语化,这对数学教育和许多年轻研究者的许多研究产生了重大影响。

    In addition to publications related to the above-mentioned research programme, Anna Sfard has published numerous other papers and book chapters within a broad range of topics. It is a characteristic feature of Anna Sfard's scientific achievements that they are always very thorough, original and intellectually sharp. She often uncovers the tacit if not hidden assumptions behind notions, approaches, and conventional wisdom, and by turning things upside-down she usually succeeds in generating new fundamental and striking insights into complex issues and problématiques.

    除了与上述研究计划相关的出版物外,Anna Sfard还发表了大量的其他论文和书籍章节。Anna Sfard的成就具有鲜明的特点,具有鲜明的独创性和鲜明的学术性。她经常揭开隐含在概念、方法和传统智慧背后的隐性假设,通过颠倒事物,她通常能成功地对复杂的问题和复杂的问题产生新的基础和深刻的见解

    Influenced greatly by her interest in communicational philosophy and psychology (e.g. Wittgenstein, Piaget and Vygotsky) as well as in history and languages, Anna Sfard's research programme took off in a series of papers published in the early 1990's that studied process-object duality and reification in mathematics - in particular in algebra - from both theoretical and empirical perspectives. These papers include "On the dual nature of mathematical conceptions: reflections on processes and objects as different sides of the same coin" (ESM, 22, 1991, 1-36), "The gains and pitfalls of reifications: The case of algebra" (with Liora Linchevski) (ESM, 1994, 26, 191-228), "Reification as a birth of a metaphor" (FLM, 1994, 14 (1), 44-55), and "The development of algebra: Confronting historical and psychological perspectives" (JMB, 1995, 14, 15-39) which have already become classics within their domain. Gradually, Anna Sfard's research programme developed into a somewhat broader one dealing with aspects of communication and discourse. First, she went on to study the nature and roles of metaphors in mathematics education, for instance in "On two metaphors for learning and the dangers of choosing just one" (ER, 1998, 27(2), 4-13), and in "Steering (dis)course between metaphor and rigor. Using focal analysis to investigate the emergence of mathematical objects" (JRME, 2000, 31(3), 296-327). From the early years of this century, she paid increasing attention to the relationship between mathematical learning (cognition) and discourse. This is reflected in a series of impressive high quality publications, among others "There is More to Discourse than Meets the Ears: Learning from mathematical communication things that we have not known before" (ESM, 2001, 46(1/3), 13-57), "Learning discourse: Socio-cultural approaches to research in mathematics education" (with Ellice Forman and Carolyn Kieran) (ESM 46(1/3), 1-12), "Why cannot children see as the same what grownups cannot see as different? - early numerical thinking revisited" (CI, 2005, 23(2), 237-309), and "What changes when learning goes to school: The communicational version, the case of mathematics" (EJSP, 2005, 3(1), 301-326). Today, Anna Sfard's research programme might be condensed by making use of the term she has coined to dissolve the classical dichotomy between communication and cognition, commognition. In 2008 Cambridge University Press published her monograph Thinking as communicating: Human development, the growth of discourses, and mathematizing, which provides an organised and systematic account of her research programme and its results.

    由于她对传播哲学和心理学的兴趣(如维特根斯坦、皮亚杰和维果茨基)以及历史和语言的极大影响,Anna Sfard的研究计划在1990年初出版的一系列论文中脱颖而出,研究了过程对象的二元性和重复性。数学中的离子——特别是代数——从理论和经验两个角度。这些论文包括“关于数学概念的二重性:对同一硬币的不同方面的过程和对象的思考”(ESM,22, 1991,1-36),“改进的收益和陷阱:代数的例子”(Liora Linchevski)(ESM,1994, 26,191-228),“作为BI的物化”。“隐喻的RTH”(FLM,1994, 14(1),44-55),和“代数的发展:面对历史和心理学观点”(JMB,1995, 14,1539),它们已经在他们的领域内成为经典。渐渐地,Anna Sfard的研究计划发展成了一个更广泛的领域,涉及到沟通和话语的各个方面。首先,她研究了隐喻在数学教育中的性质和作用,例如“关于学习的两个隐喻和选择一个的危险”(ER,1998, 27(2),4-13),以及在“转向”(DIS)之间的隐喻和严谨。利用焦点分析法研究数学对象的出现(JRME,2000, 31(3),96-327)。从本世纪初开始,她就越来越关注数学学习(认知)与语篇的关系。这反映在一系列令人印象深刻的高质量出版物中,其中包括“话语多于耳闻:从我们以前不知道的数学交流中学习”(ESM,2001, 46(1/3),13-57),“学习话语:社会文化研究方法”。在《数学教育》(与Eelice Fan and Carolyn Kieran)(ESM 46(1/3),1-12)中,“为什么孩子们看不到大人看不到的不同?”-早期的数字思维重新审视“(CI,2005, 23(2),23-309),和“什么变化时,学习去学校:通信版本,数学的情况下”(EJSP,2005, 3(1),301-326)。今天,Anna Sfard的研究计划可能会通过利用她创造的术语来消解沟通和认知、认知之间的经典二分法2008年,剑桥大学出版社出版了她的专著《沟通中的思考:人类发展、话语增长和数学化》,提供了对她的研究计划及其结果的有组织和系统的说明。

    【我现在重点在看,应该是她获得该奖项之后的一篇更加影响深远的“交流认知(冲突)”开篇研究成果:

    Sfard, A. (2007). When the rules of discourse change, but nobody tells you: Making sense of mathematics learning from a commognitive standpoint. The Journal of the learning sciences, 16(4), 565-613.

    及其后续的相关研究:

    其中就包括Sfard, A. (2008). Thinking as communicating: Human development, the growth of discourses, and mathematizing. Cambridge University Press.(就是上面有提到的剑桥大学出版的《沟通中的思考:人类发展、话语增长和数学化》)。后续内容另外撰文整理,后附链接。】

二、Anna Sfard的事迹概况

    Anna Sfard began her studies in physics at the University of Warsaw, Poland, in 1967, obtained a B.Sc. in Mathematics and Physics (1972) and a M.Sc. in mathematics (1977) both at the Hebrew University, Jerusalem, Israel, where she also got her PhD in mathematics education in 1989 (with a dissertation on the teaching of algorithms in high school), while having held various positions at her university since 1972. After having had post-doctoral positions and visiting scholar positions in the USA, UK, and Canada, she was appointed assistant professor (1995) at the University of Haifa, Israel, where she is now - since 2001 - professor in the Faculty of Education. From 2003 to 2007 Anna Sfard also held a chair (as the Lappan-Phillips-Fitzgerald Professor) at the Division of Science and Mathematics Education, Michigan State University, USA, with which she is still affiliated. In 2007 she was appointed to a chair of mathematics education, at the Institute of Education, University of London, UK, jointly with her position in Haifa.

    Anna Sfard于1967在波兰华沙大学开始了物理学研究,获得了数学和物理学士学位(1972)和数学硕士学位(1977),这两门课程都是在以色列耶路撒冷希伯来大学获得的,在那里她还获得了1989数学教育博士学位。关于高中算术教学,自1972以来在大学里担任过各种职务。在美国、英国和加拿大获得博士后职位和访问学者职位后,她被任命为以色列海法大学的助理教授(1995),她现在在那里——自2001以来——教育学院教授。2003至2007年间,Anna Sfard还在美国密歇根州立大学的科学与数学教育部担任主席(作为Lappan Phillips Fitzgerald教授)。2007,她被任命为数学教育的主席,在伦敦大学教育学院,英国,连同她在海法的位置。

    She has been invited to give key-note addresses and plenary presentations in an impressive number of international conferences, including the ICMEs, in addition to having served as a member of several scientific committees, editorial boards, PhD committees, etc. on several continents. Anna Sfard has also supervised numerous master's and PhD students in Israel and abroad.

    她已被邀请在一些国际会议上发表重要讲话和全体演讲,包括ICMEs,除了在多个洲担任过数个科学委员会、编辑委员会、博士委员会等成员。Anna Sfard还监督了以色列和海外的许多硕士和博士生。



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