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第一作者:Chu-Yu Ye
第一单位:浙江大学
通讯作者:Longjiang Fan
Abstract
背景回顾:The hexaploid species Echinochloa crus-galli is one of the most detrimental weeds in crop fields, especially in rice paddies. Its evolutionary history is similar to that of bread wheat, arising through polyploidization after hybridization between a tetraploid and a diploid species.
主要研究:Here we generated and analyzed high quality genome sequences of diploid (E. haploclada), tetraploid (E. oryzicola) and hexaploid (E. crus-galli) Echinochloa species. 研究结果1-基因家族扩张:Gene family analysis showed that disease resistance genes such as those containing the NB-ARC domain have been significantly lost during Echinochloa polyploidization, which is contrary to significant expansion of those genes during wheat polyploidization. The result suggests that natural selection might favor reduced investment in resistance in the weed to maximize its growth and reproduction. 研究结果2-亚基因组演化:In contrast to the asymmetric patterns of genome evolution shown in wheat and other crops, no significant differences in selection pressure were detected between the subgenomes in E. oryzicola and E. crus-galli. 研究结果3-亚基因组表达偏性:Additionally, distinctive differences of transcriptomic dynamics in subgenome expression during hexaploidization were observed between E. crus-galli and bread wheat. 结论:This study documents genomic mechanisms for adaptation during polyploidization in a major agricultural weed and provides insights for crop breeding.
摘 要
六倍体植物稗草是作物田,尤其是稻田最普遍的害草之一。其演化历史与面包小麦类似,通过一个四倍体和一个二倍体物种杂交之后形成了六倍体。本文中,作者获取并分析了稗属植物二倍体物种E. haploclada、四倍体物种E. oryzicola以及六倍体物种稗草(E. crus-galli)的高质量参考基因组。基因家族分析显示包含NB-ARC结构域等疾病抗性相关基因在稗草多倍化过程中发生了明显的丢失,这与小麦多倍化过程中的情况正好相反。这说明自然选择可能比较偏向于降低杂草中抗性相关的投入,转而最大化其生长和生殖性能。与小麦以及其它作物中检测到的不对称基因组演化模式相反,E. oryzicola和E. crus-galli亚基因组中没有发现选择压的差异。另外,作者发现稗草与面包小麦一样,在六倍化之后不同亚基因组上的转录表达存在明显的动态差异。本文的研究揭示了一个主要农业杂草在多倍化之后适应过程的基因组机制,为作物育种提供了新的视野。
通讯作者
**樊龙江** 个人简介: 1982-1986年,浙江农业大学,学士; 1993-1996年,浙江农业大学,硕士; 1996-1999年,浙江大学,博士。 研究方向: 1. 作物基因组及大数据育种技术研究; 2. 非编码RNA鉴定与分析; 3. 健康与作物安全评价研究。
doi: 10.1016/j.molp.2020.07.001
Journal: Molecular Plant
Published date: July 01, 2020
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