Rhizosphere microbiome structure alters to enable wilt resistance in tomato

First author: Min-Jung Kwak; Affiliations: Yonsei University (延世大学): Seoul, Republic of Korea

Corresponding author: Jihyun F Kim

Tomato variety Hawaii 7996 is resistant to the soil-borne (土传的) pathogen Ralstonia solanacearum(青枯雷尔氏菌), whereas the Moneymaker variety is susceptible to the pathogen. To evaluate whether plant-associated microorganisms have a role in disease resistance, we analyzed the rhizosphere microbiomes (根际微生物) of both varieties in a mesocosm (围隔) experiment. Microbiome structures differed between the two cultivars. Transplantation (移植) of rhizosphere microbiota from resistant plants suppressed disease symptoms (症状) in susceptible plants. Comparative analyses of rhizosphere metagenomes from resistant and susceptible plants enabled the identification and assembly of a flavobacterial genome (黄杆菌基因组) that was far more abundant in the resistant plant rhizosphere microbiome than in that of the susceptible plant. We cultivated this flavobacterium, named TRM1, and found that it could suppress R. solanacearum-disease development in a susceptible plant in pot experiments (盆栽试验). Our findings reveal a role for native microbiota in protecting plants from microbial pathogens, and our approach charts a path toward the development of probiotics (益生菌) to ameliorate (改善) plant diseases.

番茄品种Hawaii 7996对于土传病原菌青枯雷尔氏菌具有抗性，而品种Moneymaker则容易受到该菌的侵染。本文作者在围隔试验条件下对这两个不同品种的根际微生物进行了研究，以验证植物相关的微生物是否在疾病抗性中发挥作用。两个品种的根际微生物结构存在差异。将抗性品种的根际微生物移植到非抗性品种根际能够缓解植株的疾病症状。两个品种根际元基因组的比较分析显示抗性品种根际中存在更加丰富的黄杆菌基因组。作者进一步培养了黄杆菌TRM1，并在盆栽试验中发现其可以抑制易感品种植株根际的青枯雷尔氏菌疾病。本文的研究结果揭示了天然微生物在植株对微生物病原菌抗性方面的作用，同时开创了一种新的利用益生菌改善植物疾病的方法。

通讯：Jihyun F Kim（https://yonsei.pure.elsevier.com/en/persons/jihyun-f-kim）

doi: https://doi.org/10.1038/nbt.4232

Journal: Nature Biotechnology

First Published: 08 October, 2018

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