Steps toward Parallel Intelligence

Fei-Yue Wang, Fellow, IEEE, Xiao Wang, Member, IEEE, Lingxi Li, Senior Member, IEEE, and Li Li, Senior Member, IEEE

Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, The National University of Defense Technology, Qingdao Academy of Intelligent Industries, Tsinghua University, China, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, USA

Abstract: The origin of artificial intelligence is investigated, based on which the concepts of hybrid intelligence and parallel intelligence are presented. The paradigm shift in Intelligence indicates the "new normal'' of cyber-social-physical systems (CPSS), in which the system behaviors are guided by Merton's Laws. Thus, the ACP-based parallel intelligence consisting of Artificial societies, Computational experiments and Parallel execution are introduced to bridge the big modeling gap in CPSS.

Index Terms: Artificial intelligence, hybrid intelligence, parallel intelligence, cyber-social-physical systems, ACP.

Citation: Fei-Yue Wang, Xiao Wang, Lingxi Li, Li Li.  Steps toward parallel intelligence. IEEE/CAA Journal of Automatica Sinica, 2016, 3(4): 345-348

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Fig.1. CPSS: Infrastructure for Human-Machine Hybrid Intelligence and Virtual-Real Interactive Parallel Intelligence.

Fig. 2. Newton's Laws vs. Merton's Laws. (a) Newton's system-controlling laws: Target implementation with certainty. (b) Merton's self-fulfilling prophecy laws: Target implementation with uncertainty.

Fig. 3. The modeling gap between physical systems and artificial systems.

Fig. 4. The CPSS-based parallel execution for control and management for complex systems.

Fig. 5. ACP-based Parallel Intelligence: From UDC to AFC.