#!/bin/sh

i=1
while (( $i==1 ))
do
   n=`ls temp*.fits | wc -l`
   m=$(($n-1))
   for name in `ls temp*.fits | head -$m`
   do
       base1=`ls -l $name | awk '{ print $8 }' | cut -c 1-2`
       base2=`ls -l $name | awk '{ print $8 }' | cut -c 4-5`
       echo $name FAST_20160518${base1}${base2}.fits
       mv $name FAST_20160518${base1}${base2}.fits
   done
   sleep 500
done

========================================

科学网的公式自动转换有时也不是好事。下面以S|代替美元符

#!/bin/sh

i=1
while (( S|i==1 ))
do
   n=`ls temp*.fits | wc -l`
   m=S|((SIn-1))
   for name in `ls temp*.fits | head -S|m`
   do
       base1=`ls -l S|name | awk '{ print S|8 }' | cut -c 1-2`
       base2=`ls -l S|name | awk '{ print S|8 }' | cut -c 4-5`
       echo S|name FAST_20160518S|{base1}S|{base2}.fits
       mv S|name FAST_20160518S|{base1}S|{base2}.fits
   done
   sleep 500
done