Jianhua GONG. Geo-Spatial Information Technology for Supporting 5.12 Wenchuan Earthquake Relief and Rescue. China-US Workshop on GeoCollaborative Crisis Management, Lanzhou, September 17-18，2008. [PPT Download]

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Geo-Spatial Information Technology for Emergency Response to the 5.12 Wenchuan Earthquake

 

Jianhua GONG, Lihui ZHANG, Jieping ZHOU, Dongchuan WANG, Qingtao CHEN, Zhongming ZHAO

 

State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science

Institute of  Remote Sensing Applications

CAS, Beijing 100101,China

 

Abstract:

 

The Wenchuan Earthquake measured at 8.0 M_S occurred in the county of Wenchuan, Sichuan province, China at 14:28 （Beijing time） on May 12th, 2008. As of  Aug. 18, 2008, the death toll is 69,225, and 374,643 are injured with 17,923 listed as missing. The seriously damaged region involves 51 counties, 1,271 towns, and 14,565 administrative villages with a total population of 19.867 million, and a total area of 132,596 sq. Kilometers.

 

Geo-spatial information technology played a great role in the emergency response to the 5.12 great Wenchuan Earthquake in terms of disaster situation quick report, dynamic monitoring of secondary disasters and reconstruction planning. In the rescue phase, a number of remote sensing (RS) research centers and institutes from governmental organizations, universities and companies carried out acquisition, processing and interpretation of multi-source RS images including satellite, aerial, and super-low aerial RS, and obtained spatio-temporal distribution of destroyed houses and roads in the quake-hit areas; In the phase of handling secondary disasters, the information of landslides and quake lakes was dynamically acquired especially using unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) RS technique. In addition, real-time information of water depth of dammed lakes was measured and directly sent to the control center, and then even to mobile phones via GPRS/GSM network every ten minutes using wireless automatic measuring machine of water depth. In the public health and disease preventing phases, investigations were implemented to get fundamental conditions of local diseases, and the emphases of disease control and prevention were determined based on disease surveillance system based on mobile devices such as cell phone and PDA via GPRS/GSM network which sent fieldwork reports to data centers.

 

It is believed that geo-spatial information technology especially the integrative applications of satellite RS, aerial RS, and the UAV aerial RS are surely useful for the Wenchuan quake disaster relief and rescue, as well as home reconstruction. However, there are lots of problems needed to be handled for better supporting emergency response and management. For instance, with regard to multi-source RS image data,  rapid geometric registration, image interpretations, evaluation of damages and loss, RS mapping, and information distribution of varied sorts of RS data are required, and the whole process should be dealt with in near real time especially for the high mountain, rainy, clouded, and foggy situations like the Wenchuan quake hit areas. The other problems include how to get latest information with high spatial resolution of the quake-hit regions as soon as possible, and how to organize and coordinate a number of RS research centers and institutes, and how to collaborate and integrate with other information and communication technologies and knowledge to cope with the complicated situations in the emergent response and management.

 

Key Words: 5.12 Wenchuan Earthquake, Emergency Response, Remote Sensing, GIS, unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) RS, Mobile GIS

 

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